The knowledge of phase equilibrium is critical for the modeling and operation of reactors and separation units. The use of incorrect vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for distillation leads to tower malfunction with varying end results. The only reliable method for obtaining valid VLE data for a non-ideal system is to measure it. When studying components that are either very expensive or hazardous the amount of chemicals used is preferably minimized. Typical volume of chemicals used in a VLE-measurement is 100 cm~3 or above. In a VLE-measurement the temperature, pressure and composition of both phases are determined for a range of concentrations.
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