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Navigation system for real-time intra-operative evaluation of knee kinematics

机译：用于膝关节运动学实时术语评估的导航系统

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Introduction: This paper describes a new navigation software for real-time intra-operative evaluations of knee laxities, developed by our group in order to optimize the work presented last year [1]. In this paper we propose a new implementation for a navigated procedure for kinematic assessment in knee surgery, which is at present quite neglected in most navigation systems even if it seems interesting for several authors [2]. The method was validated conducting an experimental analysis of the inter-surgeon and intra-surgeon repeatability; moreover the numerical reliability of the method was estimated conducting a sensitivity analysis to experimental errors by simulation and a comparison with other numerical algorithms. The performances of the proposed system were estimated on 71 patients by 5 surgeons using 2 different techniques for ACL reconstruction. Methods: Polaris optical localizer (NDI, Canada) is used intra-operatively implanting two commercial reference arrays on femur and tibia, using 4mm screws inside the normal surgical incisions for arthroscopic access and graft expiantation. During ACL reconstruction the surgeon acquires percutaneous anatomical landmarks by a digitizer and performs standard kinematic tests, namely valgus/varus (VV) rotation, internal/external (IE) rotation, drawer and Lachman, before and after the surgical reconstruction.
机译：介绍：本文介绍了我们集团开发的膝关节延时性评估的新导航软件，以便优化去年提出的工作[1]。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的实施，即膝关节手术中的运动学评估的导航程序，即在大多数作者似乎有趣的情况下，目前在大多数导航系统中都在忽略了很多忽略了[2]。该方法经过验证对外科医生和外科医生内可重复性的实验分析;此外，通过模拟估计该方法的数值可靠性通过模拟对实验误差和与其他数值算法进行比较来进行灵敏度分析。使用2种不同技术的ACL重建，通过5个外科医生估计所提出的系统的性能。方法：使用正常手术切口内的4mm螺钉，使用距离正常手术切口的4mm螺钉，使用4mm螺钉，使用4mm螺钉，使用距离正常的螺钉，使用4mm螺钉进行北极光学定位器（NDI，加拿大）。在ACL重建期间，外科医生通过数字化器获取经皮解剖标记，并进行标准运动学测试，即Valgus / VV）旋转，内部/外部（IE）旋转，抽屉和Lachman，在手术重建之前和之后。

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