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Fertility in male sheep: modulators of the acute effects of nutrition on the reproductive axis of male sheep

机译:男性绵羊的生育能力:营养对雄性绵羊生殖轴的急性作用的调节剂

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Animals adjust the time of year that they reproduce through their ability to perceive and respond to critical aspects of their environment; such as photoperiod, nutrition or the socio-sexual milieu, and their genotype determines the degree of responseto each stimulus. Ultimately, information from environmental cues filters through to the GnRH neurones in the brain which are the primary regulator of fertility. Each of these cues has been studied in isolation and the mechanisms by which they affect GnRH secretion are now better, if not fully, understood. In the field, the brain centres that control GnRH must integrate information from all cues at any given time before 'formulating a reproductive decision'. In this review, the effect of this integration is illustrated by showing how the acute GnRH response to a nutritional signal can be modulated by genotype, photoperiod and social cues, to the point of being completely blocked under some circumstances. Candidate pathways that may mediate these modulatory effects at both the whole body and brain have been proposed, although none of these pathways are confirmed and some have not yet been studied. As a guide for further research, we propose a working model that integrates the inputs and explains the interactions between them.
机译:动物调整他们通过他们感知和响应其环境的关键方面的能力来重现的一年中的时间;如PhotoPeriod,Nutrition或Socio-性环境,它们的基因型决定了每个刺激的响应程度。最终,来自环境提示的信息过滤到大脑中的GNRH神经元,这是生育的主要调节因子。这些提示中的每一个都被隔离研究,并且它们影响GNRH分泌的机制现在更好,如果没有完全理解。在该领域,控制GNRH的大脑中心必须在“制定生殖决定”之前在任何给定的时间内将来自所有提示的信息集成。在该综述中,通过展示对营养信号的急性GnRH响应如何通过基因型,光周期和社会提示来调节急性GNRH响应,以在某些情况下完全阻止的程度来调节急性GnRH。已经提出了可能介导这些调节效果在全身和大脑上的候选途径,尽管这些途径都不是确认,但尚未研究一些途径。作为进一步研究的指南,我们提出了一个整合输入的工作模型,并解释了它们之间的相互作用。

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