This paper updates the article entitled "The Future for Canada-US Container Port Rivalries" that appears in the 2001 proceedings of the Canadian Transportation Research Forum. This update is timely due to various considerations discussed in the paragraphs that follow. Canada's container ports are operating in a competitive environment that is undergoing radical change. Since September 11, 2001, public attention has focused on North America's container ports as key hubs of international trade that could expose the continent to more terrorist activity. Ports in Canada and the United States are being pressured to make costly security-related investments and to accommodate regulations that complicate their primary goal of rapid and efficient cargo movement from ships to port hinterlands.
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