It has been shown that the simulation of the PEMFC requires an understanding of heat, mass, and momentum transfer as well as electrochemical reaction engineering. These phenomena can be included in software that allows the engineer to study designs before construction of expensive tools for stamping or molding bipolar plates. These simulations build on existing commercially available CFD codes but the unique features of the water management will push the vendors to include new physics of two-phase flow and precise convergence of the governing equations over the large range of multi-scales. These extensions may be most expeditiously developed in a team or consortium approach.
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