A great spectrum of plants, particularly in the tropics, offer great chemical diversity, which not only represents a source of new therapeutic molecules but also compounds that can produce severe intoxication in animals with potential hazard to humansas well. In the series Flora de Cuba, 6500 plant species were reported as endemic with more than 50% of those as vascular plants. During the 1970s and 1980s we observed an increase in clinical plant toxicoses in farm animals which occurred in parallel with the intensification of commercial cattle production. This hazardous situation has been appreciably ameliorated in the last two decades due to better knowledge of the factors contributing to the toxic accidents, proper diagnosis, and control of the clinical process by the farmers and technicians from improved animal management. Multidisciplinary toxicological research studies combined with scientifically documented information were important tools that contributed to train cattle producers in preventing intoxications. In Cuba, 388 plant species were previously reported as toxic, 28 of these endemic, and grouped into 260 genera from 98 families (Roig Mesa 1974; Alfonso et al. 1998; Marrero et al. 2006). In this context, experimental and clinical multidisciplinary research has been conducted at the Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA) in the last three decades to help farmers with toxic plant problems. Relevant cases of intoxication which affect animal production, with either acute or chronic diseases, are caused by plants producing the following primary health effects: heart and circulatory damage: Urechites lutea (L.) Britton (Apocynaceae), Nerium oleander L. (Apocynaceae), Melanthera deltoidea L. C. Rich ex Michx. (Asteraceae); hepatotoxicity/photodermatitis: Crotalaria spp. such as Crotalaria retusa L. (Fabaceae), Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae); Ageratum houstonianum Mill. (Asteraceae); cell respiratory uncoupling: Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst (Poaceae); Manihot esculenta Crantz. (Euphorbiaceae), Achyranthes aspera L. var. indica (Amaranthaceae); Amaranthus viridis L. (Amaranthaceae), among other plants compromising the health of animals. The third edition of the book Toxic Plants in the Tropics (Marrero et al. 2008) summarizes most of the studies of plant toxicosis observed in animals, and some in humans, under these climatic and geographic conditions.
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机译：一种伟大的植物，特别是在热带地区，提供了良好的化学多样性，这不仅代表了新的治疗分子的来源，而且还可以在具有潜在危害人类的动物中产生严重毒害的化合物。在系列系列植物群中，6500种植物物种被报告为流动，占血管植物的50％以上。在20世纪70年代和20世纪80年代，我们观察到在农场动物中临床植物毒素增加，与商业养牛的强化并行发生。由于更好地了解了对来自农民和技术人员从改善的动物管理的有毒事故，适当诊断和控制临床过程的因素更好地了解，这一危险情况在过去二十年中显而易见。多学科毒理学研究研究与科学记录的信息相结合，是为培训畜牧业防止毒害而导致的重要工具。在古巴，388种植物物种先前被报告为这些流域的毒性，28个，并将其分为98个家庭（Roig Mesa 1974; Alfonso等人1998; Marrero等，2006）。在这种情况下，在过去三十年中，在Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria（CENSA）在Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria（Censa）中进行了实验和临床多学科研究，以帮助农民有毒的植物问题。影响动物生产的毒性病例，急性或慢性疾病，是由生产以下初级健康影响的植物引起的：心脏和循环损伤：Urechites Lutea（L.）Britton（Apocynaceae），烯氨宫（Apocynaceae） ，Melanthera deltoidea LC富米米克。 （Asteraceae）;肝毒性/光学乳腺炎：CROTALARIA SPP。如Crotalaria Retusa L.（Fabaceae），Lantana Camara L.（vallenaceae）; Ageratum Houstonianum Mill。 （Asteraceae）;细胞呼吸解偶联：Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst（Poaceae）; Manihot esculenta crantz。 （大戟属），achyranthes aspera l.var。籼稻（Amaranthaceae）; Amaranthus Viridis L.（Amaranthaceae），其中包括损害动物健康的植物。 The Totor The Totor的第三版中有毒植物（Marrero等，2008）总结了在这些气候和地理条件下观察到动物的植物毒物病的大部分研究。
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