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Evolution of the International Space Station Life Support and Habitation Systems for Deep Space Exploration

机译：国际空间站生活支持和居所居所居所的演变

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As NASA and its international and commercial partners plan for human missions beyond low-Earth orbit (LEO), the International Space Station (ISS) provides an enabling platform for the evolution and testing of human habitation systems critical to those missions. As the only permanently-crewed microgravity platform, the ISS provides a unique environment necessary for demonstration of performance and long-duration reliability of these systems before they are deployed into deep space. For these reasons, NASA is currently executing plans to evolve the ISS life support, environmental monitoring, logistics management, fire safety, and crew health systems into deep space exploration-capable systems. Although the ISS systems have successfully supported a crew of six for more than 8 years on orbit, improvements and additional capabilities are necessary to increase reliability, further close the air and water recovery loops, and reduce consumables and dependence on ground resupply. NASA is not alone in its efforts. U.S. commercial space companies have been investing their own resources and partnering with NASA through the Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) Broad Area Announcement (BAA) habitation initiative. NASA's international partners are also developing capabilities and planning technology demonstrations on the ISS over the coming years. The development of common standards, currently underway via the ISS Exploration Capabilities Study Team (IECST) and Standards Working Group, will enable systems from NASA, commercial and international partners to be interoperable. This paper will provide an overview of these near- and long-term habitation system development activities.
机译：由于美国宇航局及其国际航空公司（LEO）超越低地轨道（LEO），国际空间站（ISS）为人类居住系统的进化和测试提供了对这些特派团的居住系统的进化和测试的能力平台。作为唯一永久性的微争夺平台，ISS提供了在将这些系统部署到深空间之前的性能和长期可靠性所需的独特环境。出于这些原因，美国宇航局目前正在执行计划，以发展在深度空间勘探系统中的空间勘探开发人员支持，环境监测，物流管理，消防安全和船员卫生系统。虽然ISS系统已成功支持六年以上超过8年的轨道，但有所改进和额外的能力是增加可靠性，进一步关闭空气和水回收环，并降低耗材和对地面的依赖。美国宇航局并不孤单。美国商业空间公司一直在投资自己的资源，并通过下一个空间技术进行勘探伙伴关系（NextStep）广泛的地区公告（BAA）居住倡议。美国宇航局的国际合作伙伴还在未来几年开发了在发行证的能力和规划技术示范。目前通过ISS勘探能力研究团队（IECST）和标准工作组进行的共同标准的发展将使来自美国国家航空航天局，商业和国际合作伙伴的系统能够互操作。本文将概述这些近期和长期居住制度开发活动。

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