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Variation of legume contents and symbiotic nitrogen fixation under intensive grazing

机译：密集放牧下豆类内容物和共生氮固定的变异

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摘要

Legumes are important components of pastoral systems because of their ability to fix N2 and because of their high nutritional value. We investigated the effects of soil, land-use history, grazing intensity and weather conditions on legume content in temperate grassland in a 13-year-long study (including the centennial drought year 2003 and wet years) on six permanent ('old') and six sown ('new') pasture paddocks, covering a large range in soil properties. Species' contributions to aboveground biomasswere assessed on permanent quadrats three times every year (1,355 releves). Old and new grassland approached a near-equilibrium legume contents with half-lives <2 yr, irrespective of initial legume content. At equilibrium, legume content (on average: 4%) and N fixation (on average: 6 kg ha'1 yr"1) were low. The centennial drought in 2003 caused a 'drought crash' of legumes followed by a fast recovery. In the long term, neither weather nor soil properties (water holding capacity, nutrient levels), or grazing intensity had a distinct influence on legume content under conditions of low N losses and continuous N recycling under permanent grazing and no additional nutrient inputs from fertilizers or concentrate feeding.
机译：由于它们的营养价值高，但豆类是牧区的重要组成部分，因为它们的营养价值高。我们调查了土壤，土地利用历史，放牧强度和天气条件在一个13年长的学习（包括2003年的百年干旱年份和潮湿年份）的温带草地上的豆科含量的影响和六场播种（以'新'）牧场围场，覆盖土壤性质的大范围。对地上生物扫描的贡献每年三次评估在永久四篮下（1,355型相关）。旧的和新的草原与半衰期<2年接近近平衡豆类内容，无论初始豆科含量如何。在均衡，豆科含量（平均：4％）和N固定（平均：6公斤Ha'1 Yr“1）低。2003年的百年干旱导致了豆类的”干旱崩溃“，然后恢复了快速康复。从长期来看，既不是天气也不是土壤性质（水持续能力，营养水平）或放牧强度对豆类含量的豆类含量不同，在永久放牧下连续N次回收，没有来自肥料或肥料的额外营养投入浓缩饲料。

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