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The Influence of Titanium Properties on the Design and Application of Downhole Oil Gas Equipment

机译：钛特性对井下油气设备设计与应用的影响

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Titanium alloys have successfully been used in the oil industry for a variety of applications. Some of the applications are both offshore and downhole and consist of titanium stress joints, riser systems, drill pipe, logging and drilling tools, safety valves, packers, and tubing hangers. Titanium was chosen for its corrosion resistance, strength, and low density for the aforementioned systems. As the search for oil and gas encounters significant aggressive downhole environments, a new category of hydro carbon reserves are being identified as high pressure, high temperature (HPHT). These environments can exceed 30,000 PSI and temperatures of 450°F with an excessive amount of H{sub}2S sour gas, CO{sub}2 and chloride levels. One must carefully review titanium's unique physical and mechanical property characteristics for the evaluation and design of HPHT components. Historically, many oilfield components are substituted with titanium using prints based on nickel, stainless or steel alloys systems. Titanium's characteristics require design engineers to consider things such as mechanical property degradation at high temperatures, low thermal expansion, and its unique stress-strain curve compared to other alloys. Tensile residual stresses generated by a variety of manufacturing methods can have a major impact on the performance of a downhole titanium component. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is highly recommended as a design method in order to incorporate titanium's unique property characteristics.
机译：钛合金成功地用于石油工业供各种应用。其中一些应用是海上和井下，由钛应力接头，提升管系统，钻杆，测井和钻孔工具，安全阀，封装机和管衣架组成。选择钛的耐腐蚀性，强度和低密度的上述系统。由于对石油和天然气的搜索遇到了显着的挖掘井下环境，因此新型的水碳储备正在被识别为高压，高温（HPHT）。这些环境可能超过30,000psi和450°F的温度，具有过量的H {sub} 2s酸气，Co {sub} 2和氯化物水平。必须仔细审查钛的独特物理和机械性能特征，了解HPHT组件的评估和设计。从历史上看，许多油田组分用基于镍，不锈钢或钢合金系统的印刷品用钛代替。钛的特点需要设计工程师，以考虑在高温，低热膨胀和其独特的应力 - 应变曲线上进行机械性能降解等事物，与其他合金相比。由各种制造方法产生的拉伸残余应力可以对井下钛成分的性能产生重大影响。有限元分析（FEA）强烈推荐作为设计方法，以便包含钛的独特性特征。

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