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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage and Securing the Future: Mining, Metals and the Environment in a Sustainable Society >Development of an integrated ecological engineering approach for securingmetal mine wastes and remediating mine waters
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Development of an integrated ecological engineering approach for securingmetal mine wastes and remediating mine waters

机译：发掘矿山废弃物综合生态工程方法的开发及修复矿山水域

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Sulfidic mine wastes (rock dumps and tailings) are often populated by mineral-degrading microorganisms that give rise to acid rock drainage pollution. However, the same environments host other bacteria that can generate alkalinity and immobilise metals. We are seeking to develop a low-cost, integrated biological engineering approach that uses these "mitigating" microorganisms both to minimize the generation of acid rock drainage in mine spoils and tailings, and to treat metal-contaminated mine waters. The scheme under development has three components, all of which have been successfully demonstrated at the laboratory-scale: (i) minimizing sulfide mineral dissolution in mine tailings; (ii) microbiological generation of alkalinity; (iii) biomineralization of soluble metals. The first of these uses "bioshrouding" of minerals whereby reactive sulfides are colonized and encased by heterotrophic iron-reducing bacteria that produce copious amounts of exopolymeric materials, thereby greatly reducing or eliminating attachment of mineral-oxidizing, acid-generating bacteria. Biological generation of alkalinity and selective biomineralization of metals such as copper and zinc is mediated by novel acidophilic species of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Acid-and metal-tolerant micro-algae can serve as both carbon- and energy-providers in the engineered ecosystems, to provide long-term sustainable systems that are underpinned by solar energy.
机译：硫型矿山废物（岩石倾卸和尾矿）通常受矿物降解的微生物填充，导致酸岩排水污染。然而，相同的环境宿主可以产生碱度和固定金属的其他细菌。我们正在寻求开发一种低成本，综合的生物工程方法，这些方法使用这些“减轻”微生物，以最大限度地减少矿井破坏和尾矿中的酸岩排水的产生，以及治疗金属污染的矿山水域。该计划的开发方案具有三种组分，所有这些组件都在实验室规模成功证明：（i）最小化矿井尾矿中的硫化物矿物溶解; （ii）微生物产生碱度; （iii）可溶性金属的生物碳化。其中的第一个使用矿物质的“生物致命”，由此反应性硫化物被殖民化并被异养铁还原细菌包封，产生大量的共聚物材料，从而大大减少或消除矿物氧化，产生酸性细菌的附着。通过新的硫酸盐还原细菌介导的铜和锌等金属碱度和选择性生物丙酸酯的生物产生。酸和金属耐性微藻可以作为工程生态系统中的碳和能量提供者，提供由太阳能的长期可持续系统。

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