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Validation of CERES flight model 5 in-orbit calibrations using lunar observations

机译：验证Ceres飞行模型5使用月球观测的轨道校准

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Scientific studies require radiation fluxes over the Earth to be accurate within 1% for shortwave fluxes and 0.5% for outgoing longwave fluxes. The validation of in-orbit instrument performance requires both stability in calibration source and also calibration corrections to compensate for instrument changes. The Moon offers an external source whose signal variance is predictable and non-degrading. CERES detectors register the signal output from the entire face of the Moon. Lunar observations performed by CERES Flight Models (FM) 1 through 4 have been successful in assisting validation of radiances to the required accuracy. CERES Flight Model 5 (FM-5) is on Suomi/NPP spacecraft, orbiting since October 2011. This paper uses lunar measurements to validate detector output of FM-5. These measurements are adjusted to remove orbital effects due to variations in distance between Moon and Sun, distance between the satellite and the Moon and lunar phase angle. These effects create a total variation in lunar irradiance of 20% in the total channel and 8% in the shortwave channel. The change in orientation of the Moon as seen by the detector is called libration and causes variations of about 1% of the irradiance. A consistent dataset spanning at least 2 years in length is required to remove variations due to libration. The major uncertainties remaining in the measurements are assumed to be due to changes of the spectral responses of the channels due to degradation of optical surfaces in orbit. The results demonstrate that lunar observations can be used to validate FM-5 measurements.
机译：科学研究需要在地球上的辐射通量在1％以内的短波助焊剂和0.5％用于输出长波助焊剂。轨道仪器性能的验证需要校准源中的稳定性，并且还需要校准校正以补偿仪器的变化。月球提供外部来源，其信号方差是可预测和不降低的。 CERES探测器将信号输出从阴月的整个面部注册。由Ceres飞行模型（FM）1到4执行的月球观测成功地帮助验证了所需的准确性。 Ceres飞行模式5（FM-5）是在2011年10月以来的轨道上的轨道上的轨道上。本文采用月球测量来验证FM-5的检测器输出。调整这些测量以除去由于月球和太阳之间的距离，卫星与月球和月球相位角之间的距离而导致的轨道效应。这些效果在总通道中创造了20％的月球辐照度的总变化，短波通道中的8％。由探测器看到的月亮方向的变化称为Libration，导致辐照度的约1％的变化。需要一致的数据集至少长度长度跨越长度，以防止自动化引起的变化。假设测量中剩余的主要不确定性是由于由于轨道中光学表面的降解而导致通道的光谱响应的变化。结果表明，月球观察可用于验证FM-5测量。

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