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首页> 外文会议>Congress of the International Society for Mushroom Science >Host Plants Associated with Tricholoma matsutake and Closely Allied Species in Asia
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Host Plants Associated with Tricholoma matsutake and Closely Allied Species in Asia

机译：宿主植物与亚洲的喉瘤松弛和密切相关的物种相关联

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Tricholoma matsutake (matsutake) in Japan, Korea and northeastern China grows mostly in Pinus densiflora forests and is generally considered to be highly host specific. However, matsutake in southwestern China is mainly found in mixed broadleaf/pine forests. In mixed forests, the dominant tree species in the forest vegetation have been assumed to be the host plants of matsutake without precise verification by inspections of the mycorrhizal roots. We identified the host plants associated with matsutake and closely allied species growing in Asia based on detailed microscopic inspection of the roots to determine host-fungus specificity. In southwestern China, matsutake growing at about 2 000-2 800 m was predominantly associated with Castanopsis,Lithocarpus and occasionally Pinus. Matsutake growing at a high elevation of about 3 000-3 800 m in southwestern China and Bhutan was predominantly associated with evergreen sclerophyllous oaks (alpine oaks, Quercus sect. Heterobalanus) such as Q. aquifolioides and Q. semecarpifolia, although matsutake found in Shangrila, Yunnan was associated with P. densata. T. fulvocastaneum growing in Laos was associated with Castanopsis and Lithocarpus. Quercus sect. Heterobalanus distributed from the eastern Himalayas to southwestern China is considered to originate in subtropical broadleaf forests and to have evolved concurrently with uplift in the Himalayas. The ancestral matsutake would have been associated originally with Castanopsis, Lithocarpus and the evergreen sclerophyllous oaks in the subtropical region of southwestern China before the uplift of the Himalayas. Thereafter, in the higher mountainous region, matsutake associated entirely with xerophytic evergreen alpine oaks adapted to the environmental change, i. e., dry, cold climates. Matsutake associated with broadleaf trees would later have associated with Pinus and shifted to dual broadleaf/Pinus associations in the mixed forests. Pinus-associated matsutake switched hosts from broadleaf to Pinus during migration from southwestern China to northeastern China,the Korean Peninsula and Japan.
机译：日本，韩国和中国东北部的衣状松木（Matsutake）大部分都在Pinus densiflora森林中长大，并且通常被认为是特定于主的主持人。然而，中国西南部的松杜克斯主要发现在混合阔叶/松树林中。在混合森林中，森林植被中的主要树种被认为是Matsutake的宿主植物，而无需精确验证菌根根部。我们鉴定了与亚洲的松香和密切相关的宿主植物，基于根部的详细的微观检查，以确定宿主真菌特异性。在中国西南部，大约2 000-2 800米的松杜克主要与Castanopsis，Lithocarpus和偶尔的疙瘩相关。在中国西南部和不丹的高度高度大约3 000-3 800米的松木主要与常绿的硬化橡树（高山橡树，栎羚羊）相关联。如Q. aquifolioides和Q.emecarpifolia，虽然在香格里拉发现了Semecarpifolia ，云南与P. Densata有关。在老挝生长的T.Furovastaneum与Castanopsis和Lithocarpus有关。 Quercus Sect。从喜马拉雅东部到中国西南部分布的异卵杆菌被认为是源于亚热带的阔叶林，并在喜马拉雅山隆起同时发展。祖先的松木将最初与Castanopsis，Lithocarpus和常绿的燃烧的橡木在中国西南部的倒来的喜马拉雅山隆起之前。此后，在较高的山区，松香完全伴有异味常绿高山橡木，适应环境变化，I。即干燥，寒冷的气候。与阔叶树相关的松香将稍后与Pinus相关联，并转移到混合林中的双宽宽叶/松弛关联。从西南到中国东北部，朝鲜半岛和日本迁移期间，从阔叶到Pinus的Pinus相关的松弛的主持人从阔叶到Pinus切换到Pinus。

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