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Wettability Estimation by Oil Adsorption Using Quartz Crystal Microbalancewith Dissipation QCM-D

机译:利用石英晶晶体微观测量的润湿性估算QCM-D的润滑油吸附

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The wetting properties of the reservoir rocks are governed by the tendency of the individual mineralsconstituting the reservoir rock to adsorb oil during crude oil/brine/rock(COBR)interactions.To explorethe oil adhesion kinetics during COBR interactions,one approach is to assess the oil adhesion tendencies ofthe individual minerals.The aim of this presented study was to characterize the wettability by determiningthe oil adhesion tendencies of the minerals using Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation(QCM-D).The kinetics of the mass(Δmads)and the thickness(Δt)of the adsorbed film were modelled mathematicallyusing the Sauerbrey relation with the QCM-D output as input.In addition,we present Surface Complexationmodelling(SCM)evaluation of possible electrostatic linkages of the studied COBR system.The kinetics of oil adsorption during COBR interactions were prominent during Formation Water(FW)/Stock Tank Oil(STO)/FW injection sequence with kaolinite sensor as compared to that of quartz.This wasdepicted by the relatively high change in the FW frequency signal(Δf)before and after the injection ofSTO with kaolinite sensor as compared to quartz.Negligible change in the frequency signal(Δf≈ 0)wasobserved during the various injection sequence with quartz sensor.This suggested that minor adsorptionhas taken place,thus confirming the hydrophilic nature of the quartz sensor.The mathematical modelling ofthe thickness(Δt)and the mass(Δmads)of the adsorbed film also reveals that kaolinite is more oil wet thanquartz.This is portrayed by the relatively high magnitude of the adsorbed oil on kaolinite(Δt = 6nm-14nmand Δm = 1600ng-3500ng).The SCM results also confirm negligible(≈ 0.008)electrostatic pair linkagefor the quartz sensor as compared to kaolinite(≈ 0.3).This shows that the tendency for oil to be adsorbedonto kaolinite sensors were relatively high as compared to quartz.The electrostatic pair linkages reveal thatthe dominant electrostatic pair linkage existing between the mineral-brine and the oil-brine interface wascation bridging by divalent cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+.Hence,it was not surprising that the FW/STO/FW injection sequence for all the three(3)methods were relatively oil-wet as compared to similar sequenceof optimum LSW composition.This was attributed to the abundance of Ca2+ and Mg2+ to bridge the twonegatively charged surfaces in the former than in the latter.
机译:储层岩石的润湿性能受到储层岩石岩石在原油/盐水/岩石/岩石(COBR)相互作用期间吸附油的趋势。在COBR相互作用期间利用油粘连动力学,一种方法是评估油个体矿物质的粘附倾向。该研究的目的是通过用耗散(QCM-D)的石英晶微观测定矿物质的油粘附趋势来表征润湿性。质量(ΔMADS)的动力学和厚度(ΔT )将吸附的薄膜与作为输入的QCM-D输出进行数学化建模。添加,我们提出了所研究的COBR系统可能的静电联动的表面络合性指向(SCM)评价。COBR相互作用期间的油吸附动力学是在形成水(FW)/储备油(STO)/ FW注射序列与高岭石传感器的突出突出,相比石英在与石英岩传感器相比,通过在频率信号(Δf≈0)中与石英传感器的各种喷射序列期间的频率信号(Δf≈0)在频率信号(Δf≈0)中的频率信号(Δf≈0)的变化相比,通过高频率信号(Δf)的相对较高和之后的频率信号(Δf)的相对高的变化。这提出了次要的吸附症,从而确认了石英传感器的亲水性。吸附膜的厚度(ΔT)和质量(ΔMAD)的数学建模还揭示了高岭石更加湿润。这是描绘的通过在高岭石上的吸附油的相对较高的大小(Δt= 6nm-14nmandΔm= 1600ng-3500ng)。与高岭石相比,SCM结果也确认可忽略不计(≈0.008)静电对锁定,这与kaolinite(≈0.3)相比。这表明,与石英相比,油脂含有脂肪型高岭石传感器的趋势相对较高。静电对键揭示了M之间存在的主要静电对连杆野生盐水和油盐界面通过二价阳离子(如Ca2 +和Mg2 +)桥接桥接,但除了所有三(3)个方法的FW / STO / FW注射序列相比,所有三(3)方法的FW / STO / FW注射序列并不令人惊讶对于最佳LSW组合物的相似序列。这归因于CA2 +和MG2 +的丰度,以弥合前者的扭曲带电的表面而不是后者。

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