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首页> 外文会议>Annual Meeting of the Florida State Horticultural Society >An Economic Analysis of the U.S. Orange Juice Tariff and the Competitiveness of Florida Growers and Processors
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An Economic Analysis of the U.S. Orange Juice Tariff and the Competitiveness of Florida Growers and Processors

机译：美国橙汁关税的经济学与佛罗里达种植者和处理器的竞争力

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摘要

Although Sao Paulo, Brazil has a climate and soils conducive to producing juice oranges, prior to the 1970s, Brazil was a relatively minor producer of processed oranges and orange juice (Table 1). However, a devastating Florida freeze in 1962, and subsequent freezes in the 1970s and 1980s created an opportunity for Brazil to expand its orange and orange juice production. Most of this production was exported (Table 1), primarily to the U.S. and Western Europe. A climate where freezes do not occur along with cheaper land and labor enabled Brazil to continue its expansion, until by the 1990s, Brazil was by far the largest orange juice producer in the world (Fig. 1), producing almost twice the amount of oranges and orange juice as Florida. In fact, without the protective U.S. tariff on imported frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ), the Florida processed orange industry would probably either be much smaller that it is or out of business. This paper shows how this tariff has been reduced by trade legislation and by inflation and the impact than it has had on the Florida processed orange industry.
机译：虽然圣保罗，巴西在20世纪70年代之前有一个有利于生产果汁橙子的气候和土壤，巴西是一种相对较小的加工橙子和橙汁的生产者（表1）。然而，1962年的佛罗里达州冻结冻结，20世纪70年代和20世纪80年代的随后冻结为巴西创造了机会，扩大其橙汁和橙汁生产。大部分生产出口（表1），主要是给美国和西欧。冻结的气候与更便宜的土地和劳动力使巴西能够继续扩张，直到20世纪90年代，巴西是世界上最大的橙汁生产商（图1），几乎生产橙子量的两倍和橘子汁作为佛罗里达州。事实上，如果没有保护的美国临时在进口冷冻浓缩橙汁（FCOJ）上，佛罗里达加工的橙色产业可能要么要小得多，所以它是更小的。本文显示了这种关税如何通过贸易立法和通货膨胀和佛罗里达加工橙色产业的影响和影响。

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