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Global Experiences and Practice for Cold Production of Moderate and Heavy Oil

机译：高级和重油冷轧的全球经验与实践

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Today, most operators prefer to exhauust the opportunities for cold production of moderate and heavy oil before embarking on much more expensive and involved thermal recovery processes. Permeabilities of the order of 10's of Darcies are common. However, the high oil viscosity causes low mobility, and hence, low well productivity. In some cases well productivity is 10-20 times higher than that explained by the usual Darcy's law flow equations, because sand is produced with the oil ("worm holes"), or because gas in the oil comes out of solution and the gas-oil mixture has unusual flow characteristics ("foamy oil"). Frequently high initial productivity drops very quickly threatening the economic viability of the well. assembled global experience with these phenomena coupled with critical fluid and rock property data and geological descriptions enables varius generalizations to be made about observed production behavior, which, in combination, provide a means to design the optimal cold production strategy for a given reservoir.
机译：如今，大多数运营商更愿意在开始更昂贵的昂贵和涉及的热恢复过程之前向中等和重油的冷轧机会供暖。 10年代达克西的渗透率很常见。然而，高油粘度导致低迁移率，因此，低良好的生产率。在某些情况下，生产率比通常的达西法律流程方程高10-20倍，因为用油（“蜗壳”）生产砂，或者因为油中的气体出来的溶液和气体 - 油混合物具有异常的流动特性（“泡沫油”）。经常高的初始生产率降低了威胁井的经济可行性。与这些现象组装的全局经验与临界流体和岩石属性数据和地质描述相结合，使得瓦斯普利斯概括能够进行关于观察到的生产行为，其中组合提供了设计给定水库的最佳冷轧生产策略的方法。

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