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Global Experiences and Practice for Cold Production of Moderate and Heavy Oil

机译：中，重油冷生产的全球经验和实践

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Today, most operators prefer to exhauust the opportunities for cold production of moderate and heavy oil before embarking on much more expensive and involved thermal recovery processes. Permeabilities of the order of 10's of Darcies are common. However, the high oil viscosity causes low mobility, and hence, low well productivity. In some cases well productivity is 10-20 times higher than that explained by the usual Darcy's law flow equations, because sand is produced with the oil ("worm holes"), or because gas in the oil comes out of solution and the gas-oil mixture has unusual flow characteristics ("foamy oil"). Frequently high initial productivity drops very quickly threatening the economic viability of the well. assembled global experience with these phenomena coupled with critical fluid and rock property data and geological descriptions enables varius generalizations to be made about observed production behavior, which, in combination, provide a means to design the optimal cold production strategy for a given reservoir.
机译：如今，大多数运营商更愿意在进行更昂贵且涉及更多的热采工艺之前，利用中，重油的冷采机会。达西的10数量级的磁导率很常见。然而，高油粘度导致低迁移率，因此，低井生产率。在某些情况下，井的生产率比通常的达西定律方程所解释的要高出10到20倍，这是因为用油（“蠕虫孔”）产生了沙子，或者是因为油中的气体从溶液中逸出，而气体油混合物具有异常的流动特性（“泡沫油”）。通常，很高的初始生产率会很快下降，从而威胁到油井的经济可行性。结合这些现象的全球经验，结合关键的流体和岩石特性数据以及地质描述，可以对观察到的生产行为进行多种多样的概括，从而结合起来，可以为给定的储层设计最佳的冷采策略。

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