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Comparison of friction coefficients between full bending and modified membrane formulations for forming simulation codes

机译：完全弯曲和改性膜配方的摩擦系数比较形成仿真码的摩擦系数

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Metal forming is complex; hence conducting computer simulations with reasonable turn around time requires a number of assumptions and simplifications of the physical reality. Since a number of commercial software codes are now available for metal forming simulation, it is very important that the underlying assumptions are well understood. It is not a simple case of one code being "better" than another; rather it is to understand the results and to apply them effectively. The goal of this investigation was to compare the simulation results between a full bending formulation (FBF) code and a modified membrane formulation (MMF) code, with particular emphasis on how friction should be "treated." The strategy followed was to simulate the stamping of a simple U-channel FEA first in the FBF code and then to adjust the MMF results to be comparable by changing the friction coefficient. (The full bending code has been previously quantitatively correlated to many soft and hard tool stampings.) Two levels of sheet thickness, boundary conditions and FBF friction coefficient were used, resulting in a matrix of 32 simulations performed for each software. The results indicate that the values of the friction coefficients used in the MMF code have to be lower for lock conditions but much higher for draw conditions. It is believed that these differences are due to an underestimation of the bending stiffness components in the MMF. For applications where the bending stiffness is important, for example, metal sliding over a radius with a r/t less than 6-8, the effects are significant and the results need to be interpreted with this understanding in mind.
机译：金属形成是复杂的;因此在进行计算机模拟与周围时间合理又需要许多假设和物理现实的简化的。由于一些商业软件代码现在可用于金属成形模拟，这是非常重要的基本假设是很好理解的。这不是一个代码比另一种“更好”的简单情况;相反，它是理解的结果，并将其有效地应用。本次调查的目的是比较完整的弯曲配方（FBF）代码和改性膜配方（MMF）代码之间的仿真结果，特别强调如何摩擦应该是“治疗”。遵循的战略是模拟一个简单的U形通道的FEA首先在FBF代码的冲压，然后，以调整MMF结果是通过改变摩擦系数相当。 （完整的弯曲代码以前已定量地相关许多软硬工具冲压件。）两个水平的薄层厚度，边界条件和FBF摩擦系数的使用，导致32个模拟的矩阵对每个软件进行。结果表明，在MMF代码中使用的摩擦系数的值必须是用于锁定的条件下，但高得多为拉伸的条件。据认为，这些差异是由于在MMF的抗弯刚度部件的低估。对于其中弯曲刚度是重要的，例如应用，金属滑过的半径用R / T小于6-8，效果显著和结果需要在考虑这样的理解来解释。

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