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From Plugging Lost-Circulation Cross-Flow Zones to Wellbore Integrity

机译：从堵塞循环交叉流量到井眼完整性

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Fixing each lost-circulation zone as it is encountered before drilling ahead has been standard practice because of the technologies historically available to drillers. In recent years, however, there have been significant developments in wellbore integrity technology including a) reactive and shear-setting plugs for lost-circulation / cross-flow control, b) the use of dual-tube reverse-circulation rigs to drill severe lost-circulation zones, and c) alternative emplacement techniques for primary cementing (reverse circulation and "tremmie" pipe). These and other new techniques are allowing lost circulation mitigation strategies to change dramatically. Instead of fixing each lost-circulation zone as it is encountered, drillers can consider the bigger question, "How do we get the next casing cemented in with minimal lost time and additional cost?" The Wellbore Integrity Program at Sandia National Laboratories began with the development of polyurethane grouting as an advanced lost-circulation / cross-flow plug mitigative measure. While a technology specifically focused on plugging lost-circulation zones may be the only sure way of mitigating the effects of severe cross flows and to minimize overall drilling costs, there is a need to take a broad system perspective that considers how lost circulation impacts well design, drilling ahead, casing, primary cementing, etc. The ultimate goal is not controlling lost-circulation, but rather maintaining wellbore integrity. In this paper, we describe the evolution of the Sandia National Laboratories program from developing polyurethane grouting to alleviate lost-circulation zones to ensuring wellbore integrity. We examine several possible new technologies, compare their distinct advantages to current methods, identify the factors inhibiting their use, and investigate ways in which they can be integrated into future drilling. The successful polyurethane grouting at the Rye Patch geothermal field in northern Nevada is interpreted as a guide for how to plug cross flows. Other potential approaches that have been utilized to successfully plug cross flows are discussed, and a roadmap to a comprehensive Wellbore Integrity Program is proposed.
机译：固定，因为它是向下钻进了之前遇到的每个丢失的循环区，一直是历史上可供钻探的技术标准做法。近年来，然而，已经在井眼完整性技术显著发展，包括：a）反应和剪切设置丢失循环/横流控制，B）采用双管反循环钻机的钻严重损失的插头-circulation区域，以及c）可选的炮位技术初级固井（反向循环和“tremmie”管）。这些和其他的新技术正在使漏失缓解策略发生巨大的变化。相反，固定，因为它遇到的每个丢失的循环区，钻井可以考虑更大的问题，“我们怎样以最少的时间损失和额外费用凝成了下机匣？”井筒完整性程序桑迪亚国家实验室开始与聚氨酯灌浆作为一种先进的丢失循环/横流塞缓解措施的发展。虽然技术专门针对堵漏失去循环的区域可能是缓解严重的交叉流动，并尽量减少整体钻井成本的影响的唯一有效方法，有必要采取这一考虑如何堵漏的影响以及设计一个广泛的系统观点，超前钻探，套管，固井等最终目标是不是失去了控制循环，而是保持井筒的完整性。在本文中，我们描述了从开发聚氨酯灌浆，以减轻失去了流通区，以确保井筒完整性Sandia国家实验室计划的发展。我们研究了几种可能的新技术，其独特的优势，比较现有的方法，识别的因素抑制其使用，并调查它们可以被集成到未来的钻探方法。成功的聚氨酯在内华达州北部黑麦补丁地热田注浆被解释为如何堵塞横流的引导件。已经被用来成功地插上横流中其他潜在的方式进行了讨论和路线图，以全面的井眼完整性程序提出。

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