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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Role of Interfaces in Environmental Protection >DYNAMIC POLYMER LAYERS ON MEMBRANES AS ANTIFOULANTS IN MEMBRANE FILTRATION: Antifouling Effect of Sulphate Lignin in Separation of Low Molecular Mass Organic Solutes with Cellulose A cetate Membranes
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DYNAMIC POLYMER LAYERS ON MEMBRANES AS ANTIFOULANTS IN MEMBRANE FILTRATION: Antifouling Effect of Sulphate Lignin in Separation of Low Molecular Mass Organic Solutes with Cellulose A cetate Membranes

机译：膜过滤中的膜上的动态聚合物层：硫酸盐木质素在低分子量有机溶质与纤维素膜分离中的防污效果

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Using the concept of fouling control that consists in the substitution of a high resistance deposit, being formed in membrane pores of components of a filtered solution, by a low resistance deposit of an auxiliary polymer with larger molecules, the antifouling effect of dynamic layer of a compact polymer, well-defined sulphate lignin (SL), on an UAM-50 CA-membrane in filtration of low molecular mass dyes and surfactants has been studied. The filtration kinetics has been analysed in terms of constant-pressure dead-end filtration to detect the forms of membrane fouling by the low molecular mass organic solutes and to diagnose the mechanism of antifouling effect of the polymer. Three different conditions of membrane filtration have been studied: (1) Filtration of the model solution containing low molecular mass organic foulants (2) Filtration of the model solution with the SL additive through the membrane pre-treated by SL; (3) Filtration of the model solution with the SL additive through the untreated (clean) membrane. The main results are as follows: l. Pore narrowing and posterior pore plugging are the dominant mechanisms of irreversible fouling of an UAM-50 membrane in filtration of the model solution used in this study. This form of fouling yields the great loss in permeate flux (84.7%). Introduction into the model solution of SL does not effect on the flux in filtration through the fouled membrane. 2. Pre-treatment of the membrane by SL results in the formation of low resistance SL dynamic layer (a deposit of type 1) that causes the small flux decline (17%) at the parameters accepted. In filtration of the model solution with the SL additive through the pre-treated membrane the form of fouling changes (now it corresponds to the formation of a type 2 deposit), and the total flux decline, including the membrane pre-treatment, makes up 42.6% that is twice less than that for the condition (1). 3. For the untreated UAM-50 membrane and the model solution, in which the SL additive is preliminarily introduced, the form of fouling corresponds to a low resistance deposit of type 1. This filtration condition yields the least flux decline (21.7%), i.e. the antifouling effect of SL is the greatest. The mechanism of this effect consists in ⅰ) partial blocking the pore entrances by the SL macrosolutes and ⅱ) the adsorption ability of SL with respect to the membrane foulants used here. These protect the pore space against deep penetration of low molecular mass dyes and surfactants and, therefore, against the formation of high resistance intrapore deposits.
机译：利用污垢控制的概念，该控制包括通过用较大分子的辅助聚合物的低电阻沉积在过滤溶液的膜孔中形成的封闭沉积物，通过较大分子的低抗性沉积，动态层的防污效果已经研究了在UAM-50 Ca膜上过滤的紧凑型硫酸盐木质素（SL），过滤低分子量染料和表面活性剂。在恒压死终过滤方面已经分析过滤动力学，以检测低分子量有机溶质的膜污染形式，并诊断聚合物的防污效果的机理。研究了三种不同的膜过滤条件：（1）过滤含有低分子量有机污垢（2）用SL的模型溶液过滤的模型溶液通过由SL预处理的膜用SL添加剂过滤; （3）通过未处理（清洁）膜用SL添加剂过滤模型溶液。主要结果如下：l。孔隙狭窄和后孔堵塞是UAM-50膜的不可逆污垢在本研究中使用的模型溶液中的不可逆污垢的主导机制。这种污垢形式产生渗透助焊剂的巨大损失（84.7％）。引入S1的模型溶液不会对通过污垢膜过滤的助焊剂产生影响。 2.通过SL预处理膜的形成导致低电阻SL动态层（1型沉积物），其在接受的参数下导致小的助焊剂下降（17％）。通过预处理的膜过滤用SL添加剂的模型溶液，污垢变化的形式（现在对应于2型沉积物的形成），并且总通量下降，包括膜预处理，构成了膜预处理42.6％的时间少于条件（1）。 3.对于未处理的UAM-50膜和模型溶液，其中初步引入SL添加剂，污垢形式对应于1型型低抗性沉积物。该过滤条件产生最少的通量下降（21.7％），即SL的防污效果是最大的。该效果的机制包括Ⅰ）部分阻断SL宏溶胶孔的孔隙入口，Ⅱ）SL相对于这里使用的膜污垢的吸附能力。这些保护孔隙空间免受低分子质量染料和表面活性剂的深度渗透，因此抵抗高抗性内孔沉积物的形成。

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