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Turbulence Model of Penetrative Convection and Pollutant Dispersion above Urban Heat Island in Stably Stratified Environment

机译:稳定分层环境中城市热岛上渗透性对流与污染物分散的湍流模型

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A three-equation model of the turbulent transport of momentum and heat for simulating a circulation structure and dispersion pollutant over the urban heat island in a stably stratified environment under nearly calm conditions is formulated. Turbulent fluxes of momentum - and heat - determined from E-ε-<θ~2> turbulence model. This model minimizes difficulties in simulating the turbulent transport in a stably stratified environment and reduces efforts needed for the numerical implementation of the model. The numerical results demonstrate that the three-equation model is able to predict the structure of turbulent circulation flow induced by the heat island that is in good agreement with the experimental data. The Eulerian models of a dispersion of air pollution are formulated: a high-order closure dispersion model in which the concentration fluxes are calculated from the transport equations (DC-model), and an algebraic model of turbulent fluxes (AC-model) obtained by simplification of DC-model to the algebraic expressions in the weakequilibrium approximation. Both models use mean wind and turbulence quantities from a second-order closure model of the atmospheric boundary layer (the three-parametrical E-ε-<θ~2> turbulence model). Results from dispersion of a passive contaminant from the surface source obtained with help DC and AC models show that the maximum difference of concentration level near to a source does not exceed ten percents. Besides it is shown, that diffusion terms of DC-models excluded at obtaining of AC-model, act to smooth out the gradients of the turbulent fluxes. The concentration field calculated with the DC-model turns out more smooth, than calculated by AC-model. The executed verification specifies validity of use of algebraic AC-model in practice of modeling and simulation of turbulent stratified flows and atmospheric contaminant dispersion, in particular.
机译:制定了在几乎平静的条件下在稳定分层环境中模拟城市热岛的循环结构和分散污染物的动量和热量湍流运输的三方程模型。动量湍流助熔剂 - 和热 - 从E-ε-<θ〜2>湍流模型确定。该模型最大限度地减少了模拟稳定分层环境中的湍流运输的困难,并减少了模型数值实现所需的努力。数值结果表明,三方程模型能够预测热岛诱导的湍流循环流动与实验数据吻合良好的结构。配制了空气污染分散的欧拉模型:从传输方程(DC模型)计算浓度通量的高阶闭合分散模型,以及湍流通量的代数模型(通过将DC模型简化到织物近似的代数表达式获得的AC模型。两种模型都使用大气边界层(三参数E-ε-<θ〜2>湍流模型的二阶封闭模型的平均风和湍流量。通过通过帮助DC和AC模型获得的表面源分散的导致无源污染物与AC模型的分散表明,靠近源的浓度水平的最大差异不会超过十个百分比。除了显示出,在获得AC模型时排除的DC模型的扩散项,采用湍流通量的梯度。用DC模型计算的浓度场比AC模型计算得更平滑。所执行的验证规定了在湍流分层流动和大气污染物分散的建模和模拟实践中使用代数交流模型的有效性。

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