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首页> 外文会议>International Symposium on Biocatalysis and Biotechnology >A New Method for In Vitro Glycogen Synthesis and Immunostimulating Activity of Glycogen
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A New Method for In Vitro Glycogen Synthesis and Immunostimulating Activity of Glycogen

机译：糖原体外糖原合成和免疫刺激活性的一种新方法

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In 1857, a French physiologist, Claude Bernard, first reported isolation of glycogen from dog liver and assigned its metabolic role as a storage form of sugar [1]. It is now well accepted that glycogen is the major storage polysaccharide in animals and microorganisms.This polysaccharide is highly branched (1→4)(1→6)-linked a-D-glucans with a high molecular weight (10~6 to 10~9) (Figure 27.1) [2]. Based on the results of electron microscopy, it has been shown that glycogen consists of spherical particles with diameters of 20-40 nm (β-particles), and that the β-particles often associate into much larger a-particles (-200 nm). The molecular weight of an individual (β-particle has been shown to be approximately 10~7 [2]. Glycogen is opalescent, milky white and slightly bluish, in aqueous solution, and gives a reddish-brown color with the addition of iodine. Amylopectin, a major component of starch, is also a highly branched (1→4)(1→6)-linked a-D-glucans. However, the degree of branching in glycogen is about twice that in amylopectin. Glycogen-type polymer, which is referred to as phytoglycogen, has also been isolated from several higher plants [3]. Glycogen has also been used as a raw material in the cosmetic industry and as a carrier to enhance the yield of DNA during precipitation with organic solvent [4]. From the viewpoint of chemistry, glycogen is a kind of hyperbranched polymer or dendritic polymer, and the hyperbranched polymer has received increasing attention in recent years [5].
机译：1857年，一名法国生理学家Claude Bernard首先报道了从狗肝中分离糖原，并将其代谢作用作为储存形式的糖[1]。现在普遍认为糖原是动物和微生物中的主要储存多糖。多糖是高度分枝（1→4）（1→6） - 密切的腺苷，具有高分子量（10〜6至10〜9 ）（图27.1）[2]。基于电子显微镜的结果，已经证明糖原由直径为20-40nm（β-颗粒）的球形颗粒，并且β-颗粒通常赋予更大的颗粒（-200nm） 。个体的分子量（β-颗粒已显示为约10〜7 [2]。糖原是含倍泪，乳白色和略微蓝色，在水溶液中，并通过添加碘来给予红褐色。支链淀粉是淀粉的主要成分，也是高度分支（1→4）（1→6） - 链接的Ad-葡聚糖。然而，糖原的支化程度约为淀粉素的两倍。糖型聚合物，哪种被称为植物糖基因糖原，也已从几种高等植物中分离出[3]。糖原也被用作化妆品工业中的原料，作为载体，以增强沉淀与有机溶剂期间DNA的产率[4]。从化学的观点来看，糖原是一种超支化聚合物或树枝状聚合物，近年来，超支化聚合物已得到越来越关注[5]。

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