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Battery Charge Balance and Correction Issues in Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Individual Phases of Certification Dynamometer Driving Cycles as Used in EPA Fuel Economy Label Calculations

机译：用于EPA燃料经济性标签计算的密码测力计驱动周期的混合动力电动车中的电池充电平衡和校正问题

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This study undertakes an investigation of the effect of battery charge balance in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) on EPA fuel economy label values. EPA's updated method was fully implemented in 2011 and uses equations which weight the contributions of fuel consumption results from multiple dynamometer tests to synthesize city and highway estimates that reflect average U.S. driving patterns. For the US06 and UDDS cycles, the test results used in the computation come from individual phases within the overall certification driving cycles. This methodology causes additional complexities for hybrid vehicles, because although they are required to be charge-balanced over the course of a full drive cycle, they may have net charge or discharge within the individual phases. As a result, the fuel consumption value used in the label value calculation can be skewed. To determine the effect of net battery energy change on fuel consumption using an example vehicle, testing was carried out on a 2010 Toyota Prius at Argonne National Laboratory's vehicle dynamometer test facility. Each phase was driven with various levels of electric charge or discharge, thereby yielding a charge correction line quantifying the tradeoff between electric and fuel consumption for that driving phase. The slopes of these lines will be compared along with discussion of the factors influencing them. The testing effort to produce this information was considerable, with at least 4 test points per driving phase, and the importance of preconditioning and vehicle preparation in ensuring valid results further extended the time investment. The collected data are used to show the effect of phase charge correction on fuel economy label values, and potential methods of implementing the corrections as well as the shortcomings thereof are discussed.
机译：本研究开展对EPA燃料经济性标签值的混合动力电动车（HEV）中电池电量平衡的影响调查。 EPA的更新方法在2011年完全实施，并使用权重燃料消耗贡献的方程来综合反映平均美国的城市和公路估计。对于US06和UDDS周期，计算中使用的测试结果来自整个认证驾驶周期内的各个阶段。该方法导致混合动力车辆的额外复杂性，因为在整个驱动循环的过程中，它们必须在课程中充电，但它们可能在各个阶段内具有净充电或放电。结果，标签值计算中使用的燃料消耗值可以是倾斜的。为了利用示例性车辆确定净电池能量变化对燃料消耗的影响，在Argonne National实验室的车辆测力计测试设施的2010年丰田普锐斯进行了测试。通过各种电荷或放电驱动每个相，从而产生电荷校正线量化电气和燃料消耗之间的折衷以进行该驱动阶段。将与影响它们的因素的讨论进行比较这些线的斜坡。制作该信息的测试努力是相当大的，每次驾驶阶段至少有4个测试点，预处理和车辆准备在确保有效结果进一步延长时间投资的重要性。收集的数据用于显示相电荷校正对燃料经济性标记值的影响，并讨论了实现校正的潜在方法以及其缺点。

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