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首页> 外文会议>SAE International Powertrains, Fuels Lubricants Meeting >Fuel Impact on Exhaust Emissions - Comparison of Two Diesel Fuels
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Fuel Impact on Exhaust Emissions - Comparison of Two Diesel Fuels

机译：燃料对废气排放的影响 - 两种柴油燃料的比较

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In the EU regulations, specification's for diesel fuel quality is regulated in the standard EN590. Sweden has however for many years used an "Environmental Class 1" (EC1) diesel fuel. In addition to fulfilling the EN590 standard, the main difference today between the Swedish EC1 and the EN590 fuel specifications is that higher levels of aromatics and polyaromatics (PAH) are allowed in the EN590 standard. Aromatics are considered to be potentially mutagenic, and the higher levels of aromatics also lead to increased particle emissions. Earlier studies of the exhaust emissions from engines using the different fuel qualities have shown significant differences, both regarding regulated emissions and health effects. In these studies, vehicles from emission standard Euro III and older have been used. The scope of this study was to investigate whether the differences persist for a modern Euro V vehicle or not. Emission results from tests performed on a heavy duty vehicle fuelled with the two different diesel qualities are presented. The tests were carried out on a chassis dynamometer and the vehicle was driven according to the WHVC test cycle. Both regulated and several unregulated components were measured, along with CO_2 and fuel consumption. The gaseous components were sampled in bags and measured second-by-second. Particulate matter was collected on filter and also measured second-by-second with a TEOM instrument. In addition to the particulate mass, the particle size distribution was measured with an ELPI instrument. The unregulated components includes olefins, PAH and aldehydes. Extract of the particulate and semivolatile phase was used to carry out the Ames' bio assay to analyze the level of mutagenicity in the exhausts. This study has shown that there were significant differences between these two fuel qualities for a modern Euro V vehicle. The emission tests performed with EN590 show higher levels of the regulated components NO_x, PM and CO - all of which have shown direct and indirect effects on both health and environment. For the unregulated components, aldehydes are emitted to a greater extent when the vehicle is fuelled with the EN590 fuel. The higher levels of PAH in the EN590 fuel is reflected in the emissions, and the PAH extracts used for the Ames' bio assay show higher levels of mutagenicity for the EN590 fuel. The WHVC driving cycle can be divided into three subcycles, each representing different driving patterns (urban, rural and motorway). This enables an analysis of emissions relative to the driving pattern, and a comparison of the two fuels. Since HDVs are designed to operate on various conditions such as urban, rural and motorway, the exhausts from all of those conditions have been analyzed. NO_x and PM emissions have especially been highlighted as problems in urban areas and the high levels are probably caused by diesel fuelled HDVs and LDVs. Previous studies of real driving emissions have shown that some Euro IV and V HDV emit as much as Euro III vehicles during urban driving.
机译：在欧盟法规中，规范用于柴油燃料质量在标准EN590中受到监管。然而，瑞典多年来使用了“环境级1”（EC1）柴油燃料。除了履行EN590标准之外，瑞典EC1和EN590燃料规格之间的主要差异是EN590标准允许允许较高水平的芳族化学和聚芳族（PAH）。芳烃被认为是潜在的致突变性的，富含芳烃水平也导致粒子排放增加。使用不同燃料质量的引擎的排气的早期研究表明了关于规范的排放和健康效应的显着差异。在这些研究中，已经使用了来自排放标准欧洲和老年的车辆。本研究的范围是调查差异是否坚持为现代欧元V载体。提出了在用两种不同的柴油质量推动的重型车辆上进行的测试的发射结果。测试在底盘测功机上进行，并且根据WHVC测试循环驱动车辆。调节和几种未调节的组分以及CO_2和燃料消耗一起测量。将气态组分在袋中进行采样，并测量秒秒。在过滤器上收集颗粒物质，并用陶醉仪测量秒秒。除了颗粒状物质之外，用ELPI仪器测量粒度分布。未调节的组分包括烯烃，PAH和醛。使用颗粒状和半血液溶解相的提取物用于进行AMES的生物测定以分析排气中的致突变性水平。本研究表明，这两种欧元V载体之间这两个燃料质量之间存在显着差异。用EN590进行的排放测试显示了较高水平的受调节组件NO_X，PM和CO - 所有这些，所有这些都显示出对健康和环境的直接和间接影响。对于未调节的组分，当用EN590燃料燃料燃料时，醛在更大程度上发射。 EN590燃料中的较高水平的PAH在排放中反映，用于AMES的生物测定的PAH提取物显示出EN590燃料的更高水平的致突变性。 WHVC驾驶循环可以分为三个亚循环，每个亚循环表示不同的驾驶模式（城市，农村和高速公路）。这使得能够分析相对于驱动模式的排放，以及两个燃料的比较。由于HDV设计以在城市，农村和高速公路等各种条件下运行，因此分析了所有这些条件的排气。 NO_X和PM排放尤其被突出显示为城市地区的问题，高水平可能由柴油燃料HDV和LDV引起。以前的实际驾驶排放研究表明，在城市驾驶期间，一些欧洲欧洲欧洲欧洲欧洲欧洲欧洲欧洲IV和VHDV尽可能多地发出欧洲三世车辆。

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