Introduction. Studies in the field of resilience in maltreated children show that the main positive adjustment to trauma involved behavioral and emotional skills, social skills and school success.Objective. To identify the resilience protective factors in institutionalized children after they were exposed to various forms of abuse within the family.Methodology. We studied children and adolescents aged between 11-18 years from various child welfare institutions in Timis County where they were admitted for at least 1 year, after they were exposed to various forms of abuse in the family. The control group consisted of children between the ages of 11 -18 years also exposed to abuse in the family but still living in the family. All children completed the Stress Related Growth Scale to assess the consequences of abuse as well as family separation, and Youth Self Report (YSR) of the battery of tests ASEBA (Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment) to assess competencies of emotional, behavioral and social and scholar adjustment.Results. The results showed that children and adolescents in institutions have more social and scholar skills and less behavioral problems as positive factors of resilience but also many emotional problems as a consequence of trauma and institutionalization
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