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Ludington Pump Storage Plant Upgrades – Potential Impacts to Barrier Net and Fisheries

机译：Ludington Pump Storage Plant升级 - 潜在对障碍网和渔业的影响

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The Ludington Pumped Storage Plant (LPSP) is jointly owned and operated by Consumers Energy and DTE Electric Company and utilizes a barrier net in the Lower Reservoir (Lake Michigan) to prevent fish from approaching the pump-turbine units during pumping operations. LPSP is upgrading the pump-turbine units to allow greater pumping and generation capacity. This increase in flow capacity could alter the flow fields at the barrier net impacting its operational and biological efficacy. Alden evaluated the potential impacts associated with increased pump-turbine flow by conducting a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to estimate changes in velocity and pressure drop across the net, a review of in-situ Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data, a review of existing pumping/generating records, and a review of the potential biological impacts associated with increased pumping and generating flow rates. A review of available literature on barrier nets did not reveal any information that would indicate the Ludington barrier net design could be improved with regard to biological efficacy. Since current calculation of unavoidable entrainment involves an assumption of a uniform fish density, ten years of historical monitoring data were analyzed to evaluate potential relationships between flow and entrainment rates. The monitoring collection data revealed no significant relationships between catch and volume pumped or catch density (catch per amount pumped) and flow rate among species/size categories. Finally, in relation to fish swimming ability, the change in velocities at the barrier net during pumping was found to be inconsequential when considering fish interaction with the barrier net. An existing Scientific Advisory Team of agency and non-government organization (NGO) representatives provided a high degree of stakeholder input to the study approach and review of results, facilitating rapid Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) approval to the license amendment.
机译：Ludington泵送储存工厂（LPSP）由消费者能源和DTE电力公司共同拥有和运营，并利用下层水库（密歇根湖）中的屏障网来防止鱼在泵送操作期间接近泵涡轮机单元。 LPSP正在升级泵涡轮机单元以允许更大的泵送和发电容量。这种流量的增加可以改变屏障网的流场，影响其操作和生物学效果。 Aldde通过进行计算流体动力学（CFD）分析来评估与泵涡轮机流量增加相关的潜在影响，以估计网上速度和压力下降的变化，对原位声学多普勒电流分析器（ADCP）数据进行综述审查现有的泵送/发电记录，以及与增加泵送和产生流速相关的潜在生物影响的审查。对障碍网的可用文献述评没有透露任何信息，即在生物学效果方面可以改善Ludington屏障网设计。由于目前不可避免的夹带的计算涉及假设均匀的鱼密度，分析了十年的历史监测数据，以评估流动和夹带率之间的潜在关系。监测收集数据显示捕获和体积泵送或捕获密度之间没有显着的关系（每次泵送）和物种/尺寸类别中的流量。最后，与鱼类游泳能力相关，在考虑与屏障网的鱼相互作用时，发现泵送期间的屏障网的速度变化是无关紧要的。现有的机构和非政府组织（非政府组织）代表的科学咨询团队为研究方法提供了高度的利益攸关方，并审查结果，促进了快速联邦能源监管委员会（FERC）批准许可证修正案。

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