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The Impact of Operating Conditions on Post-Injection Efficacy; a Study Using Design-of-Experiments

机译：操作条件对注射后疗效的影响;使用实验设计的研究

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Post-injection strategies prove to be a valuable option for reducing soot emission, but experimental results often differ from publication to publication. These discrepancies are likely caused by the selected operating conditions and engine hardware in separate studies. Efforts to optimize not only engine-out soot, but simultaneously fuel economy and emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) complicate the understanding of post-injection effects even more. Still, the large amount of published work on the topic is gradually forming a consensus. In the current work, a Design-of-Experiments (DoE) procedure and regression analysis are used to investigate the influence of various operating conditions on post-injection scheduling and efficacy. The study targets emission reductions of soot and NO_x, as well as fuel economy improvements. Experiments are conducted on a heavy-duty compression ignition engine at three load-speed combinations. Regression analysis shows that the eventual decrease in engine-out soot heavily depends on the air-excess ratio. This observation supports the suggestion that enhanced late-cycle mixing of fuel and oxidizer is an important contributor to observed soot reductions. Furthermore, simultaneous reductions in emissions of NO_x and fuel consumption with little or no impact on soot are obtained for particular injection scheduling at low load. At higher engine speed and load, soot reductions are preserved, although shifting the NO_x-soot trade-off is more difficult to establish. It was found that rate of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), timing of the main injection event and fuel pressure generally need careful adjustment to make optimal use of a post-injection scheme. Finally, several points of attention for post-injection scheduling and selecting appropriate operating parameter settings are listed.
机译：后注射策略被证明是减少烟灰排放的有价值的选择，但实验结果通常与出版物的出版物不同。这些差异可能是由所选操作条件和发动机硬件在单独的研究中引起的。努力优化发动机出烟灰，而是同时燃料经济性和氮氧化物的排放（NO_X）使得更加对注射后效应的理解。尽管如此，关于该主题的大量公布工作逐渐形成共识。在当前的工作中，使用实验设计（DOE）程序和回归分析来研究各种操作条件对注射后调度和功效的影响。该研究旨在减排烟灰和NO_X，以及燃料经济性改进。实验以三种负载速度组合在重型压缩点火发动机上进行。回归分析表明，发动机出烟灰的最终降低重大取决于空气过量比。该观察结果支持增强燃料和氧化剂的晚期循环混合的建议是观察到烟灰减少的重要因素。此外，在低载荷下，获得了在低负荷下特别喷射调度的NO_X的排放和燃料消耗的同时降低NO_X和燃料消耗。在发动机速度和负荷较高时，保留烟灰减少，尽管换气换烟灰折衷更难以建立。发现废气再循环（EGR）的速率，主喷射事件和燃料压力的定时通常需要仔细调整，以便最佳使用后喷射方案。最后，列出了几个引人注目的注射调度和选择适当的操作参数设置。

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