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Regulating architectural and civil engineering process in Russia in the 18th - the beginning of the 20th century

机译：第18世纪俄罗斯规范建筑和土木工程流程 - 20世纪初

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The establishment and development of authorities regulating and controlling the architectural and civil engineering practice are governed by a variety of components that include not only artistic and aesthetic ones,but also political and economic,social,legal and other aspects in the 21st century.The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: results of a comprehensive research of the system for control and regulation of the architectural and civil engineering process in Russia from the 18th century till the beginning of the 20th century as a part of central,industry-specific,territorial and local authorities are given.It is demonstrated that qualitative changes in the centralized system regulating the architectural and civil engineering process manifested in the needs of relevant stages of social and economic as well as political development of the country(transformations during the rule of Peter the Great,Catherine the Great,Alexander I,and Nicholas I;accelerated development of capitalism after the abolition of serfdom,drastic increase in the rate and scale of rental housing construction in cities).Development of operation of various authorities governing and regulating(central,industry-specific,territorial,local)architectural and civil engineering activities is shown.
机译：机构的建立和发展管理和控制建筑和土木工程实践受各种组成部分管辖，不仅包括艺术和美学，而且还包括21世纪的政治和经济，社会，法律等方面。科学该研究的新颖性如下：从18世纪从18世纪开始，俄罗斯建筑和土木工程流程的控制和监管系统综合研究结果，直到20世纪初作为中央，行业特定的一部分，提供领土和地方当局。据证明，规范中集中变化调节了建筑和土木工程进程的情况表现出在社会和经济的相关阶段的需求中，以及该国的政治发展（彼得统治期间的转型伟大，凯瑟琳的伟大，亚历山大我和尼古拉斯我;加速发展C在废除农村后，各城市租赁住房建设的速度和规模急剧增加。显示各自当局的运作，展示了各自当局（中央，行业特定，领土，地方）建筑和土木工程活动。

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