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Evaluation of the water permeability and salt permeability through forward osmosis membranes in osmotically driven mode

机译：通过在渗透驱动模式下通过前渗透膜进行渗透性和盐渗透性的评价

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Reverse osmosis (RO) is one of the most effective and robust technologies for seawater desalination and wastewater reuse. However, RO uses so huge energy to produce fresh water that the high water production cost is one of the problems for RO process [1]. There has been a growing interest in forward osmosis (FO). The FO process utilizes an osmotic pressure gradient generated by a highly concentrated solution (Draw Solution: DS) to allow water to diffuse through a semi-permeable membrane from a saline feed water (Feed Solution: FS), which has a relatively lower concentration than DS. One of the primary obstacles hindering further development of FO processes is the lack of a suitable membrane designed specifically for osmotically driven membrane processes. A FO membrane requires high water permeability, low salt permeability and low internal concentration polarization (ICP). To decrease ICP at osmotically driven mode, the support layer of FO membranes must have low structural parameter, S. In this study, we have measured the water flux and salt flux of commercially available FO membrane as well as commercially available RO membranes in osmotically driven mode to investigate the transport properties of FO membrane from the calculated values of the structural parameter.
机译：反渗透（RO）是海水淡化和废水再利用最有效和最有效和强大的技术之一。然而，RO使用如此巨大的能量来产生淡水，即高水生产成本是RO过程的问题之一[1]。前向前渗透（FO）兴趣日益增长。 FO方法利用由高浓度的溶液（抽取溶液：DS）产生的渗透压梯度，以允许水通过从盐水进料水（Feed Soluate：FS）中的半透膜来扩散，其具有比较较低的浓度DS。妨碍进一步发展Fo工艺的主要障碍之一是缺乏专门针对渗透驱动膜过程设计的合适膜。 FO膜需要高透水性，低盐渗透性和低内浓度极化（ICP）。为了减少渗透驱动模式下的ICP，FO膜的支撑层必须具有低结构参数，S。在该研究中，我们测量了商业上可获得的FO膜的水通量和盐通量以及在渗透驱动中的市售RO膜从结构参数的计算值中研究FO膜的运输性能的模式。

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