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首页> 外文会议>Life in space for life on earth conference >RESPONSES OF MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN PHENOTYPES AND GENE EXPRESSIONS IN NECK MUSCLE TO MICRO- AND HYPER-GRAVITY IN MICE
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RESPONSES OF MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN PHENOTYPES AND GENE EXPRESSIONS IN NECK MUSCLE TO MICRO- AND HYPER-GRAVITY IN MICE

机译：肌苷重链表型和颈部肌肉基因表达对小鼠微型和超重力的反应

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Neck muscles are known to play important roles in the maintenance of head posture against gravity. However, it is not known how the properties of neck muscle are influenced by gravity. Therefore, the current study was performed to investigate the responses of neck muscle (rhomboideus capitis) in mice to inhibition of gravity and/or increase to 2-G for 3 months to test the hypothesis that the properties of neck muscles are regulated in response to the level of mechanical load applied by the gravitational load. Three male wild type C57BL/10J mice (8 weeks old) were launched by space shuttle Discovery (STS-128) and housed in Japanese Experimental Module “KIBO” on the International Space Station in mouse drawer system (MDS) project, which was organized by Italian Space Agency. Only 1 mouse returned to the Earth alive after 3 months by space shuttle Atlantis (STS-129). Neck muscles were sampled from both sides within 3 hours after landing. Cage and laboratory control experiments were also performed on the ground. Further, 3-month ground-based control experiments were performed with 6 groups, i.e. pre-experiment, 3-month hindlimb suspension, 2-G exposure by using animal centrifuge, and vivarium control (n=5 each group). Five mice were allowed to recover from hindlimb suspension (including 5 cage control) for 3 months in the cage. Neck muscles were sampled bilaterally before and after 3-month suspension and 2-G exposure, and at the end of 3-month ambulation recovery. Spaceflight-associated shift of myosin heavy chain phenotype from type I to II and atrophy of type I fibers were observed. In response to spaceflight, 17 genes were up-regulated and 13 genes were down-regulated vs. those in the laboratory control. Expression of 6 genes were up-regulated and that of 88 genes were down-regulated by 3-month exposure to 2-G vs. the age-matched cage control. In response to chronic hindlimb suspension, 4 and 20 genes were up- or down-regulated. Further, 98 genes responded significantly to both hindlimb unloading and exposure to 2-G. Thirteen genes were up-regulated and 85 were down-regulated. In conclusion, long-term gravitational unloading of mouse caused shift of fiber phenotype toward fast-twitch type and atrophy of slow-twitch fibers in neck muscle. These responses were closely related to the up- or down-regulation of genes, suggesting that oxidative muscular metabolism may be inhibited in microgravity environment.
机译：众所周知，颈部肌肉在避免重力的头部姿势的维护中发挥重要作用。然而，尚不知道颈部肌肉的性质是如何受重力的影响。因此，进行目前的研究以研究颈部肌肉（菱形Cabitis）在小鼠中的反应，以抑制重力和/或增加3个月以测试颈部肌肉性质的假设是响应的引力载荷施加的机械负荷水平。 Space Shuttle Discovery（STS-128）推出了三只雄性野生型C57BL / 10J小鼠（8周龄），并在小鼠抽屉系统（MDS）项目中的国际空间站上的日本实验模块“Kibo”。组织由意大利空间机构。 3个月后，只有1只小鼠返回地球，在3个月内通过航天飞机actantis（STS-129）。在着陆后3小时内从两侧取样颈部肌肉。在地面上也进行了笼和实验室对照实验。此外，3个月的基于地基的对照实验用6组进行，即，使用动物离心机，3个月的后肢悬浮液，2g暴露，2g曝光，和vivarium对照（每组n = 5）。允许五只小鼠从后肢悬浮液（包括5个笼子控制）在笼子中恢复3个月。颈部肌肉在3个月悬浮液之前和2克暴露之前和之后进行双侧进行抽样，并在3个月的手提恢复结束时。观察到来自I型至II型和I型纤维的II和II型和萎缩的肌球蛋白重链表型的腔霉菌相关偏移。响应于太空飞行，上调17个基因，13个基因对实验室对照中的那些。 6个基因的表达上调，88个基因的3个月暴露于2-g对2g vs的调节下调。响应于慢性后肢悬浮液，4和20个基因升高或下调。此外，98个基因对后肢卸载和暴露于2-g。上调十三个基因，下调85个。总之，长期引力卸料导致纤维表型朝向颈部肌肉缓慢抽搐纤维的快速抽搐型和萎缩。这些反应与基因的上调或下调密切相关，表明在微匍匐环境中可能抑制氧化肌肉代谢。

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