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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Smart Solutions for Agriculture >On The History of Formation and Ways of Penetration of the Relict Dendroflora into Chechnya and Adjacent Territories
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On The History of Formation and Ways of Penetration of the Relict Dendroflora into Chechnya and Adjacent Territories

机译：论雷维劳弗洛拉的形成与渗透方式，进入车臣和邻近地区

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The article provides a detailed review of scientific publications devoted to the study of the forests of the North Caucasus starting with the relict tertiary flora replaced by the alpine vegetation of the ice age (Kuznetsov N.I., Medvedev Ya.S.), followed by the steppe and highland-siccocolous formations (from Dagestan to the Kuban district) during the post-glacial period with the following period of steppes afforestation and new expansion of forests (Bricke). Pine and birch forests formed near the glacial center (Dagestan) began to grow on the other treeless southern slopes in the cooler and more humid post-glacial climate. Beech forests that penetrated into Nagorny Dagestan during the post-glacial period are still crowding out the pine and birch forests dominating in this area. In the western part of the North Caucasus where the climate is more humid the periglacial period was characterized by the dominating subalpine forest landscapes combined with meadow formations of the mountainous upper belts and meadow moors; it can be noted that the irrigated bottoms of the valleys caused the reduction of mountain meadow formations and their spatial assimilation with tree-shrub Periglacial complex. The eroded mountain slopes after the glaciers retreat were also characterized by the successions of small willow and willow-birch crook-stem forests and long-aged birch and pine forests with the developed mossy-suffruticose or grass cover. Besides, the other issues of succession relationships and phytocenotic evolution during the Holocene of the main forest formations of the North Caucasus were researched. The history of the forest vegetation formation in the North Caucasus during the ice age was studied on the basis of the study of succession processes, data of the spore-and-pollen analysis, pollen diagrams, peatlands, fossil plant residues of the Holocene and earlier sediments in the different territories of the North Caucasus, as well as indirect methods of analyzing the floristic composition, genetic relationships and geographical distribution of individual phytocenoses components. In the North-Western Caucasus during the whole period of the glacial age there were dark-coniferous and deciduous forests fringing the trough valleys freeing themselves from ice. In the Central Caucasus the dark-coniferous forests are replaced by deciduous ones that can be met in the inner parts of mountain systems. In the forests of Nagorny Dagestan in the majority of closed and orographically isolated valleys the pine and birch formations still dominate.
机译：本文详细审查了致力于研究北高加索森林研究的科学出版物，从冰川年龄（Kuznetsov Ni，Medvedev Ya.s.）所取代的relpine植被所取代，然后是草原和高地 - Siccocolous地层（从Dagestan到Kuban区）在冰川后期，随着草原造林和新的森林（Bricke）的新扩展。在冰川中心（Dagestan）附近形成的松树和桦树森林开始在较冷的其他小区南坡上生长，更潮湿的冰川气候。在冰川后期渗透到Nagorny Dagestan的山毛榉森林仍在挤出这个地区的杉木和桦树林。在北高加索的西部，气候更加潮湿的幽灵期的特点是主导亚高山森林景观与山区上部皮带和草甸摩尔的草甸形成相结合;可以注意到，山谷的灌溉底部导致山地草甸形成的减少及其与树灌木悬垂复合物的空间同化。冰川撤退后的侵蚀山坡也以小柳树和柳桦树弯曲森林和长老年桦木和松树植物的特点为特征。此外，研究了北高加索主要林层全新世中的继承关系和植物细胞演化的其他问题。在冰河时代北高加索森林植被形成的历史是在进行过程中，孢子和花粉分析，花粉图，泥炭地，全新世和更早的化石厂残留的数据的基础上进行了研究北高加索地区不同领土的沉积物，以及分析植物组成，遗传关系和个体植物植物组分的地理分布的间接方法。在北方的冰川时代的北部高加索中，有黑色针叶和落叶林，将低谷山谷从冰中放松。在中央高加索中，深色针叶林被落叶的森林所取代，可以在山地系统的内部满足。在大多数封闭和脸上孤立的山谷中的纳戈尔尼达格斯坦的森林里，松树和桦木形成仍然是占主导地位的。

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