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Characterization of Rotating-Wing Aircraft Emissions

机译：旋翼飞机排放物的表征

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Rotating-wing aircraft or helicopters are heavily used by the US military. Emissions data for this class of engines are limited, but are required for the development and design of effective air quality control strategy for military installations and bases in the country. Major gaseous, selected air toxics and particulate emissions data from T700-GE-700 and T700-GE-701C engines were characterized. Military JP-8 and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels were used in separate engine exhaust tests. Each engine-fuel combination test was run at three engine power setting levels from the idle to maximum in sequence in June 2007 at the Hunter Army Airfield (HAAF) in Savannah, GA. The mode diameter of particles obtained from the test runs throughout the whole campaign was smaller than 50 nm by a research-grade fast-scanning mobility particle sizer and several commercial scanning mobility particle sizers using samples extracted from tip-dilution probes mounted on a rake positioned right at the engine exhaust exit plane. Use of the FT fuel led to significant reduction of particulate emissions as compared to that of JP-8 fuel on the same engine. Emissions of nanoparticles with a mobility diameter smaller than 20 nm by the engine running on the JP-8 fuel was clearly observed using a nano-DMA equipped scanning mobility particle sizer located at 5 meters downstream from the engine exhaust plane. Formation of such nanoparticles is likely to be caused by the sulfur content as well as volatile organic carbons. Sulfate/sulfur measurements taken at the same downstream location indicate all particulate sulfur was in the sulfate form, and the sulfate content increased as the engine power increased. Use of FT fuel however does not reduce nitrogen oxide emission as compared to that of using JP-8 fuel. Detailed data will be presented in the conference.
机译：美军大量使用旋翼飞机或直升机。此类发动机的排放数据是有限的，但对于该国军事设施和基地的有效空气质量控制策略的开发和设计是必需的。对来自T700-GE-700和T700-GE-701C发动机的主要气体，选定的空气有毒物质和颗粒物排放数据进行了表征。军用JP-8和费托（FT）燃料被用于单独的发动机排气测试中。每次发动机-燃料组合测试均于2007年6月在佐治亚州萨凡纳的Hunter Army Airfield（HAAF）以三种发动机功率设置级别（从怠速到最大）依次运行。通过研究级的快速扫描迁移率粒度仪和数个商业扫描迁移率粒度仪，使用从安装在耙子上的尖端稀释探针提取的样品，从整个测试过程中的测试运行中获得的颗粒众数直径小于50 nm。就在发动机排气出口平面上。与同一发动机上的JP-8燃料相比，使用FT燃料可大大减少颗粒物的排放。使用位于发动机排气平面下游5米处的配备了纳米DMA的扫描迁移率粒度仪，可以清楚地观察到由运行在JP-8燃料上的发动机产生的迁移率直径小于20 nm的纳米颗粒的排放。此类纳米颗粒的形成可能是由硫含量以及挥发性有机碳引起的。在相同的下游位置进行的硫酸盐/硫测量表明，所有颗粒硫都是硫酸盐形式，并且硫酸盐含量随发动机功率的增加而增加。但是，与使用JP-8燃料相比，使用FT燃料不会减少氮氧化物的排放。详细数据将在会议上介绍。

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    《》|2008年|p.1-9|共9页
  • 会议地点 Portland OR(US)
  • 作者

    Meng-Dawn Cheng; Edwin Corporan; Matthew De Witt; Chris Klingshirn; Shannon Mahurin;

  • 作者单位

    Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge TN 37831-6038;

    Wright-Patterson Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH;

    University of Dayton Research Institute Dayton OH;

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