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首页> 外文会议>IAEE annual international conference >THE IMPACT OF POLICIES IN THE MARKET PENETRATION OF ALTERNATIVE VEHICLES AND FUELS – A CASE STUDY FOR AUSTRIA
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THE IMPACT OF POLICIES IN THE MARKET PENETRATION OF ALTERNATIVE VEHICLES AND FUELS – A CASE STUDY FOR AUSTRIA

机译：政策对替代性汽车和燃料市场渗透的影响-以奥地利为例

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摘要

The problems, which are currently accompanying the use of energy for providing individual automotive mobility such as growing consumption of fossil fuels and straightforward increasing greenhouse gas emissions, growing import dependency especially from politically unstable countries and a low energy conversion efficiency of cars could be solved or at least reduced using alternative automotive concepts and alternative fuels (AMF). The most important alternative motive concepts discussed are: fuel cell vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid systems and systems based on natural gas or biogas. The most important potential new energy carriers are: bioethanol, biogas, biodiesel, hydrogen from renewable energy sources, synthetic fuels and electricity. If and to what extent these alternative concepts will become relevant in the future is still under discussion and subject to comprehensive research. The relatively low efficiency of motor vehicles for passenger transport could be increased significantly with alternative automotive systems. Some of these alternative automotive systems such as hybrid vehicles are already available on the market. On the other side some alternative automotive systems such as fuel cell vehicle are very far from commercialisation. The energy diversity can be increased and greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced using alternative fuels. The share of alternative fuels, in the first line biofuels, in total fuel consumption is currently very low, but many countries have set the goal to replace a part of fossil fuels through biofuels. In the European Union 5,75 percent of the energy used for transportation should be biofuels by the year 2010. This paper is focuses on analysis of prospects of alternative automotive systems and alternative fuels in a dynamic framework. Cost development of AMF, environmental aspects and promotion or other policy strategies necessary for a wider use of alternative automotive concepts and alternative fuels in individual passenger transport will be analysed in detail. The core objective is to analyse if and under which policy and/or market conditions (oil price development!) and to what extent and when the alternative automotive technologies and fuels will become economically (incl. external cost) attractive in Austria in the long run (up to 2050) and may contribute significantly to providing the service individual mobility. To meet this objective different scenarios will be shown.
机译：目前，可以解决以下问题：可以解决使用能源来提供个性化的汽车机动性的问题，例如化石燃料的消耗量增加以及温室气体排放量的直接增加，特别是来自政治不稳定国家的进口依存度增加以及汽车的能源转换效率低下等。至少使用替代汽车概念和替代燃料（AMF）减少了排放。讨论的最重要的替代动力概念是：燃料电池汽车，电动汽车，混合动力系统以及基于天然气或沼气的系统。最重要的潜在新能源载体是：生物乙醇，沼气，生物柴油，可再生能源产生的氢，合成燃料和电力。这些替代概念在将来是否以及在何种程度上变得有用，仍在讨论中，并有待全面研究。使用替代性汽车系统可以显着提高用于乘客运输的汽车相对较低的效率。这些替代汽车系统中的某些系统，例如混合动力汽车，已经在市场上出售。另一方面，一些替代性汽车系统，例如燃料电池汽车，距离商业化还很遥远。使用替代燃料可以增加能源的多样性并减少温室气体的排放。目前在一线生物燃料中，替代燃料在总燃料消耗中所占的比例非常低，但是许多国家已经设定了通过生物燃料替代化石燃料的目标。在欧盟，到2010年，用于交通运输的能源中有5.75％应为生物燃料。本文着重分析动态框架中替代汽车系统和替代燃料的前景。将详细分析AMF的成本发展，环境方面的问题以及促进在个人旅客运输中广泛使用替代汽车概念和替代燃料的其他政策策略。核心目标是分析从长远来看是否以及在何种政策和/或市场条件下（石油价格上涨！），以及在何种程度上以及何时替代汽车技术和燃料将在奥地利经济上变得有吸引力（包括外部成本）。 （到2050年），并且可能对提供服务个人移动性做出重大贡献。为了实现这一目标，将显示不同的场景。

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    Amela Ajanovic; Maximilian Kloess; Reinhard Haas;

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    Vienna University of Technology Energy Economics Group Gußhausstraße 27-29/373-2 A-1040 Wien Austria. Telefon: +431/58801-37364 Fax: +431/58801-37397 e-mail: ajanovic@eeg.tuwien.ac.at;

    Vienna University of Technology Energy Economics Group Gußhausstraße 27-29/373-2 A-1040 Wien Austria. Telefon: +431/58801-37364 Fax: +431/58801-37397;

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