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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the 18th congress of the International Society for Mushroom Science >Recycling Lignocellulosic Wastes for Mushroom Production and Cattle Feed
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Recycling Lignocellulosic Wastes for Mushroom Production and Cattle Feed

机译：回收木质纤维素废物用于蘑菇生产和牛饲料

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摘要

Global warming and decrease in precipitation are leading to water scarcity. Under such conditions forage availability is decreasing and its price is increasing. The use of many lignocellulosic wastes, as potential alternative for livestock feed, is limited due to their low digestibility. At the same time the high prices of conventional mushroom substrates, like wheat straw, are also increasing due to lower production and higher demand. In the present study, alternative lignocellulosic waste materials were tested for mushroom production. The spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and it's compatibility for cattle feed was analyzed. Wood wastes of 13 different fruit and forest trees were screened. Due to the preliminary results, trimmings of apple orchards, vineyards and cotton straw were further tested for the cultivation of Grifola frondosa (Maitake), Flammulina velutipes (Enoki) and Pleurotus spp. (Oyster). Vine trimmings were found to be the best substrate for the cultivation of both Grifola frondosa and Flammulina velutipes. It was demonstrated that compatibility, between mushroom variety and vine variety (substrate), is needed in order to get the highest mushroom yields. The digestibility of the substrates and the SMS for ruminants was estimated by the use of artificial rumen. The cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus on a mixture of cotton (25 %) and wheat straw led to an increase in organic matter digestibility from 30.4% (at spawning) to 60. 1% (SMS). This considerable increase in digestibility, was accompanied by an increase in ash content,from 30% to 40%-46%. It means that the organic matter content for cattle feed in the SMS became lower. Further studies on substrate composition are needed to overcome this obstacle.
机译：全球变暖和降水减少导致缺水。在这种情况下，牧草的供应量正在减少，其价格也在上涨。由于其消化率低，限制了许多木质纤维素废料作为牲畜饲料的潜在替代品。同时，由于产量下降和需求增加，传统蘑菇基质（如麦草）的高价也在增加。在本研究中，对替代木质纤维素废料的蘑菇生产进行了测试。分析了废蘑菇基质（SMS）及其与牛饲料的相容性。筛选了13种不同果树和林木的木材废物。由于初步结果，苹果果园，葡萄园和棉花秸秆的装饰物经过进一步测试，可用于种植灰树花（Maitake），金针菇（Enoki）和杏鲍菇。 （牡蛎）。藤蔓装饰物是种植灰树花和金针菇的最佳基质。事实证明，为了获得最高的蘑菇产量，需要在蘑菇品种和葡萄品种（基质）之间保持相容性。反刍动物的底物和SMS的消化率是通过使用人造瘤胃来评估的。在棉花（25％）和小麦秸秆的混合物上种植平菇（Pleurotus ostreatus）导致有机物消化率从30.4％（产卵时）增加到60. 1％（SMS）。消化率的显着提高，伴随着灰分含量从30％增加到40％-46％。这意味着SMS中牛饲料的有机物含量降低了。为了克服这一障碍，需要对底物组成进行进一步的研究。

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