• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文会议>Summit of Japanese Traditional Whaling Communities; 20030511; Ikitsuki(JP) >Cetaceans and Whaling in the Bangudae Rock Engravings
【24h】

Cetaceans and Whaling in the Bangudae Rock Engravings

机译：班达奇岩刻中的鲸类和捕鲸

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The discovery of the Bangudae rock engravings made great contributions. They provided important material for the prehistoric hunting of land animals, but noteworthy is the fact that they supplied even more valuable material on whaling. The engravings gave evidence that harpoons with lines had been already developed in prehistoric times as a method to hunt whales. They also indicate the targeted whale species of the time. I believe that the existing world history of primitive whaling needs to be partly rewritten according to the engravings. I would also like to point out that the Bangudae rock engravings are worthy of registering as one of the World Cultural Heritage sites of UNESCO. It is an unsolved mystery why whale hunts declined so soon instead of developing, when they appeared so early and before others in prehistoric Ulsan. It is unlikely that whaling which flourished in the region in the Bronze Age suddenly ceased at once some time at the end of the period. It would be more reasonable to suppose that it was continued at a much diminished scale even into the early Iron Age (300 B.C. to circa A.D. 0). It is unclear how long whaling was continued, but since there is no reference to whale hunts in the "Samguksagi" [editor's note: the oldest historical record in Korea of the Three Kingdoms, Sinra, Goguryeo, and Baekje], it is unlikely that it was carried on far into historical times. One possible reason for the decline is that primitive agriculture that began at the end of the Neolithic age developed in the Bronze Age, thanks to expanding farmlands and better productivity. Livestock breeding also developed, and with the stable supply of relatively abundant food, the people most likely withdrew from whale hunts that were extremely dangerous occuations. The whaling culture developed in Ulsan, the birthplace of prehistoric whale hunts in the Korean Peninsula, no doubt influenced its Japanese counterpart. The history of cultural exchange between the Korean and Japanese peoples go back to the Neolithic age. The fact has been verified by the earthenware excavated from archaeological sites of the age in the two countries (Yi 1998; Im 1992). They were also deeply involved in terms of fishing culture. Before the emergence of ancient countries, the fishermen of the Peninsula and the Japanese Archipelago, not mindful of racial identity and without any idea of national boundary, probably freely intermingled by way the islands, influencing one another. The fishermen in the southern Korean Peninsula, and Japanese fishermen of Tsushima and Iki islands, and northwest Kyushu partly shared the same fishing culture. One good example is the spreading of composite fish hook industry of Korea to western Kyushu (Watanabe 1973; Yi 1998). The gradual spread of the fish hook industry to the southern regions suggests that whaling culture that first flowered in Ulsan also spread in the same direction. The origin of the whaling scene depicted in line incising on the surface of a burial jar in the later Middle Yayoi period (circa 1000 B.C.), which was recently found at the Harunotsuji site on Iki Island (Hiraguchi 2003), may be found in the whale hunts depicted in the Bangudae rock engravings. I believe it would be a most interesting theme for future studies.
机译：Bangudae岩刻的发现做出了巨大贡献。它们为史前的陆生动物狩猎提供了重要的材料，但值得注意的是，它们在捕鲸方面提供了更有价值的材料。这些雕刻提供的证据表明，在史前时期就已经开发出带有鱼叉的鱼叉作为捕鲸的一种方法。它们还指示当时的目标鲸鱼种类。我认为，现有的世界原始捕鲸史需要根据版画进行部分重写。我还想指出，班格德岩画值得被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产之一。为什么捕鲸如此之快并在史前蔚山的其他动物之前出现，为什么捕猎如此之快下降而不是发展，这是一个未解之谜。在这一时期结束之时，在青铜时代该地区盛行的捕鲸活动不太可能突然停止。甚至在铁器时代初期（公元前300年至公元0年左右），这种现象的规模仍将大大减小，这是更合理的假设。目前尚不清楚捕鲸活动持续了多长时间，但是由于“ Samguksagi”中没有提及捕鲸活动（编者注：三国，辛拉，高句丽和百济在韩国的最悠久的历史记录），因此不太可能它一直延续到历史悠久。数量下降的一个可能原因是，由于土地扩大和生产力提高，新石器时代末期开始的原始农业在青铜时代发展。畜牧业的发展也得到了发展，并且由于稳定地供应了相对丰富的食物，人们很可能退出了捕鲸活动，捕鲸活动极为危险。鲸鱼文化在朝鲜半岛史前捕鲸活动的发源地蔚山发展，无疑影响了日本。朝日两国人民之间的文化交流的历史可以追溯到新石器时代。两国时代考古遗址出土的陶器已经证实了这一事实（Yi 1998； Im 1992）。他们还深深参与了捕鱼文化。在古代国家出现之前，半岛和日本群岛的渔民并不关心种族特征，也没有任何国界的念头，可能是通过岛屿自由地交织在一起，相互影响。朝鲜半岛南部的渔民，对马岛和壹岐岛的日本渔民以及九州西北部的渔民部分共享着相同的捕鱼文化。一个很好的例子是韩国的复合鱼钩产业向西九州的扩散（Watanabe 1973； Yi 1998）。鱼钩产业逐渐向南部地区扩散表明，最早在蔚山开花的捕鲸文化也向同一方向扩散。在弥生中叶后期（大约公元前1000年）在墓葬罐表面切成线条的鲸鱼捕鲸场景的起源，最近发现于壹岐岛的Harunotsuji遗址（平口2003年）。 Bangudae岩石版画中描绘的捕鲸活动。我相信这将是未来研究中最有趣的主题。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号