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The evolution of water trust funds in Ecuador

机译：厄瓜多尔水信托基金的演变

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摘要

In early 2000 the city of Quito, Ecuador, established the Water Protection Fund (FONAG) to provide sustainable financing for the management and conservation of surrounding watersheds. FONAG was innovative in that it pioneered the use of trust funds in a voluntary, decentralized mechanism for financing watershed conservation. Since then, at least 15 similar water funds have been created or are under development in the Northern Andes, seven of which are in Ecuador. Ecuador's later water funds share many similarities with FONAG, but there are also important differences. This paper analyzes the evolution of Ecuador's water trust funds since the creation of FONAG and related changes in community-level watershed management. It does so by comparing the development and effects-to-date of two of the most-recent Ecuadorian water funds: the Fund for Paramo Management and Fight Against Poverty in Tungurahua (FMPLPT) and the Regional Water Fund (FORAGUA). After defining the water trust fund model, the paper provides an overview of the FMPLPT and FORAGUA. It then compares these newer funds with FONAG to identify several trends in the financing of watershed conservation within Ecuador.
机译：2000年初，厄瓜多尔基多市建立了水保护基金（FONAG），为周围流域的管理和保护提供可持续的资金。 FONAG的创新之处在于它率先在自愿，分散的机制中使用信托基金为流域保护筹集资金。从那以后，至少有15个类似的水基金已经在安第斯山脉北部建立或正在开发中，其中七个在厄瓜多尔。厄瓜多尔后来的水基金与FONAG有许多相似之处，但也有重要区别。本文分析了自从FONAG成立以来厄瓜多尔的水信托基金的演变以及社区级流域管理的相关变化。它通过比较两个最新的厄瓜多尔水基金的发展和迄今的影响来做到这一点：通古拉瓦帕拉莫管理和抗击贫困基金（FMPLPT）和区域水基金（FORAGUA）。在定义了水信托基金模型之后，本文对FMPLPT和FORAGUA进行了概述。然后，它将这些较新的资金与FONAG进行比较，以确定厄瓜多尔流域保护融资的几种趋势。

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