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首页> 外文会议>Thirteenth International Conference on Adaptive Structures and Technologies; Oct 7-9, 2002; Potsdam, Germany >SMART STRUCTURES DESIGN WITH CARBON NANOTUBES
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SMART STRUCTURES DESIGN WITH CARBON NANOTUBES

机译：碳纳米管的智能结构设计

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Graphite and diamond are the well-known forms of carbon. In the middle of the 80's a third variation of appearance of carbon was discovered. These structures have a strong resemblance to the domed buildings of the American architect Richard Buckminster Fuller and that is the reason why they are called fullerenes. In 1991 Sumio lijima in Japan noticed another tubular carbon structure which consists of closed cylindrically shaped graphite planes. These so called Carbon-Nanotubes (CNT) are 1-50 nm in diameter and can reach the length of a few micrometers. CNT rank among the materials with the highest stiffness and strength ever built and indicate an enormous potential to develop new types of fibre reinforced composites. Beside their distinguished specific structural properties CNT show excellent properties for use as an actuator as well. The combination of these properties in one material offers completely new capabilities to develop adaptive structures. Currently various applications of this new material are under discussion and are investigated fundamentally (e.g. hydrogen storage, molecular filters and membranes, nano-conductor paths, electric switches, field emitter, flat screens ...). First publications of experimental investigations proof that CNT have a 29 times higher specific working capacity than ferroelectric material (e.g. piezoceramic). For use as an actuator it is necessary to operate the CNT in an electrolyte. The activation occurs by applying an electric field. The capability of transforming electric energy into mechanical energy in combination with extreme high strength (～30 GPa) and stiffness (～1 TPa) makes CNT an ideal material for future adaptronic systems.
机译：石墨和钻石是众所周知的碳形式。在80年代中期，发现了碳素外观的第三种变化。这些结构与美国建筑师Richard Buckminster Fuller的圆顶建筑非常相似，这就是为什么将它们称为富勒烯的原因。 1991年，日本的Sumio Lijima注意到了另一个管状碳结构，该结构由封闭的圆柱形石墨平面组成。这些所谓的碳纳米管（CNT）的直径为1-50 nm，可以达到几微米的长度。碳纳米管是有史以来具有最高硬度和强度的材料之一，并显示出开发新型纤维增强复合材料的巨大潜力。 CNT除了具有出色的特殊结构特性外，还显示出出色的性能，可用作致动器。这些特性在一种材料中的结合提供了开发自适应结构的全新能力。目前正在讨论这种新材料的各种应用，并对其进行了基础研究（例如储氢，分子过滤器和膜，纳米导体路径，电开关，场致发射器，纯平屏幕...）。实验研究的第一批出版物证明了CNT具有比铁电材料（例如压电陶瓷）高29倍的比功。为了用作致动器，必须在电解质中操作CNT。通过施加电场来进行激活。 CNT具有极高的强度（〜30 GPa）和刚度（〜1 TPa）的将电能转换为机械能的能力，使CNT成为未来自适应系统的理想材料。

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