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Three-Dimensional Free-Wake Vortex Simulations of an Actuator Disc in Yaw

机译：偏航角致动器盘的三维自由尾涡模拟

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摘要

The far-wake aft of an actuator disc in yaw is investigated using a three-dimensional free-wake vortex model. The wake is modeled as a canonical array of ring vortices heing shed from the circular edge of the actuator disc. Wake swirl is induced by a root vortex, and the impact of the ground effect is modeled through a mirror image of the rotor. The effect of the counter-rotating vortex pair, wake swirl, yaw dependency, ground effect, and vortex diffusion are discussed, and the simulations are compared with wind tunnel and numerical results from literature. It is found that the applied simplification of the rotor and wake is sufficient to describe the characteristic morphology of the skewed wake. The wake deflection and deformation into the typical kidney shape are well captured through the formation of the counter-rotating vortex pair. The induction of the root vortex rotates the wake and deflects it vertically upwards or downwards depending on the yaw direction. Subsets of counter-rotating vortex pairs are formed between the wake and its mirror image, which causes a reduced wake deflection close the the ground. Several diameters downstream, intense vortex stretching is manifested due to the severe wake deformation, for which it is difficult to maintain a numerical stable simulation. It is hypothesized that these regions of vortex stretching would not sustain in practice, as vortex stretching is associated with increased turbulent diffusion.
机译：使用三维自由苏醒涡模型研究了偏航执行器盘的远尾。尾流被建模为从执行器圆盘的圆形边缘掉落的环形涡旋的规范阵列。涡流是由根涡旋引起的，地面效应的影响是通过转子的镜像来建模的。讨论了反向旋转涡流对，尾旋流，偏航依赖性，地面效应和涡流扩散的影响，并将仿真与风洞进行了比较，并结合了文献的数值结果。发现转子和尾流的简化应用足以描述偏斜尾流的特征形态。通过反向旋转涡流对的形成，可以很好地捕获尾流偏转和变形为典型的肾脏形状。根涡的感应旋转尾流，并根据偏航方向将尾流垂直向上或向下偏转。在尾流及其镜像之间形成反向旋转涡流对的子集，这会导致减小的尾流偏转在地面附近。由于严重的尾流变形，下游出现了几个直径的剧烈涡旋拉伸，因此很难维持数值稳定的模拟。据推测，由于涡旋拉伸与湍流扩散的增加​​有关，因此涡旋拉伸的这些区域在实践中将不会维持。

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  • 来源
    《Wind energy symposium 2018》|2018年|118-128|共11页
  • 会议地点 Kissimmee(US)
  • 作者

    T. Berdowski; C. Ferreira; A. van Zuijlen; G. van Bussed;

  • 作者单位

    Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629HS, Delft, The Netherlands;

    Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629HS, Delft, The Netherlands;

    Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629HS, Delft, The Netherlands;

    Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629HS, Delft, The Netherlands;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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