Abstract We conducted a study to compare the immune response induced by a live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine(HAV vaccine).26 children received 2 doses regimens of live attenuated HAV vaccine and 33 susceptible children received inactivated HAV vaccine.The children were bled at months 1,6,7,12 and 24.Anti-HAV and IgG subclass profile were assessed.In both the live and the inactivated vaccinated group,the geometric mean titer(GMT) of anti-HAV,peaked 7 months after the initial dose and declined during the following months.The GMTs in children receiving live attenuated HAV vaccine was 19,46,1306,448,217mIU/mL at months 1,6,7,12 and 24 respectively. In children who received the inactivated vaccine the GMTs were 21,61,2615,1062mIU/mL.Both vaccines produced good secondary immune response.The lgG subclass profile in inactivated and live attenuated vaccine group at months 1,7 and 24 were highly restricted to IgG1 and IgG3.Thus both vaccines may be highly effective in virus neutralization.乙肝病毒在人群中的传播方式有母婴传播和水平传播.随着乙肝病毒抗原抗体系统的发现,70年代后世界各地相继报道了乙肝病毒的母婴传播.研究表明乙肝病毒母婴传播率在亚洲最高,非洲中等,欧美最低,分别为30﹪~70﹪、20﹪~30﹪、10﹪左右<'[1,2,3]>.母婴传播是中国乙肝病毒传播的重要途径.国内外学者均报道孕妇乙肝表面抗原滴度、e抗原及其血清乙肝病毒DNA(HBV-NDA)水平与母婴传播的发生概率正相关<'[4,5,6,7]>,即母婴传播的亲代具有相对较高的病毒含量,而至今未见对孕妇及其亲代血清病毒含量的相关性进行研究.该次研究旨在探讨高滴度血清病毒含量的孕妇的母亲是否也具有较高的血清病毒含量以及两者C基因序列的同源性.结合已有的大量的乙型肝炎母婴传播的文献及我们既往的研究结果,对孕妇及其亲代所携带的病毒的相关性进行研究.感染性腹泻(infection diarrhoea)是由病原微生物及其产物或寄生虫所引起的以腹泻为主的一组急性肠道传染病.感染性腹泻的病原,目前已知有50余种,其中,细菌性痢疾占感染性腹泻的主要部分.在中国,随着经济的发展,生活水平的提高,虽然疾病谱有了明显的改变,慢性病构成比逐步上升,传染病发病构成比下降,但是并没有得到根本的控制.感染性腹泻及其中的细菌性痢疾仍然是危害人民健康的主要疾病之一<'[1,2,3]>.1999年全国疾病监测数据显示<'[4]>,在全死因顺位中,感染性疾病排名第5位,而痢疾则占感染性疾病死因顺位的第4位.1999年全国传染病报告数据,痢疾发病率为48.3/10万,占全国26种甲乙类传染病发病率顺位的第2位,同时有关部门认为细菌性痢疾存在着较高的漏报率<'[5]>.因此,对细菌性痢疾发病情况进行监测,以获取相对准确的流行病学及病原学数据,估计人群发病率从而评估疾病的危害程度,依然十分必要.该部分包括两项研究,一为
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