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Trip chaining: Linking the influences and implications.

机译：行程链：链接影响和含义。

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摘要

Transportation analysts have monitored with interest the emergence of trip chaining, or multi-purpose trip making, which is becoming a common method of travel for many households. As of 2001, 61% of all working age adults trip chained. From a policy perspective, this warrants attention as these 61% of adults who trip chain generate 68% of average daily vehicle miles traveled (VMT). In addition, most trip chaining is accomplished by automobile and generally alone or with other family members. Trip chaining research has focused predominantly on travel by workers and findings suggest that one reason for its increase is that workers are scheduling non-work activities into their work commute, largely to support household needs (primarily childcare but also for shopping and personal business).;Since the 1990s, significant federal funding has supported programs to improve air quality through reduced emissions. These include employer-based programs that seek to reduce VMT through ride sharing and the use of transit, along with incentives for doing so. The success of these programs is based on the flexibility of the commuter to change his/her work mode. As indicated above, however, trip chaining is typically associated with decreased flexibility and almost in direct conflict with programs that encourage alternative commute modes.;This research identifies household, demographic, work, and activity setting factors that influence trip chaining in order to understand the related policy implications for employer-based programs that seek to reduce VMT through encouraging alternative commute modes. Using the 2001 National Household Travel Survey, a market segmentation identified trip chaining influencers. These were primarily the presence of children under the age of 16, worker status, more than one household adult, a high vehicle-to-worker ratio, and educational attainment above the high school level.;The findings indicate that while between 30 and 42% of workers commute in the traditional manner, employer-based programs can achieve greater returns if increased focus is placed on improving employer amenities. In addition, further VMT reduction can be achieved through new programs that target the household instead of the employer, as evidenced by the TravelSmart program in Australia and SmartTrips program in Portland, OR.
机译：运输分析人员感兴趣地监视了旅行连锁或多功能旅行的出现，这已成为许多家庭旅行的常用方法。截至2001年，在所有工作年龄的成年人中，有61％的人使用链条旅行。从政策的角度来看，这值得引起注意，因为这61％的成年旅行链成年人产生了68％的平均每日行车里程（VMT）。另外，大多数旅行连锁是由汽车完成的，通常是独自或与其他家庭成员一起完成。出行链接研究主要集中在工人的出差上，研究结果表明，这种增加的原因之一是，工人将非工作活动安排在工作上下班途中，主要是为了满足家庭需求（主要是育儿，还包括购物和个人业务）。自1990年代以来，大量的联邦资金支持了通过减少排放来改善空气质量的计划。这些措施包括基于雇主的计划，这些计划旨在通过乘车共享和公共交通的使用来减少VMT，并提供激励措施。这些计划的成功基于通勤者改变其工作模式的灵活性。但是，如上所述，旅行链通常会导致灵活性下降，并且与鼓励替代通勤模式的计划几乎直接冲突。;本研究确定了影响旅行链的家庭，人口，工作和活动设置因素，以便了解旅行链。旨在通过鼓励替代通勤模式减少VMT的雇主计划的相关政策含义。使用2001年全国家庭旅行调查，市场细分确定了旅行连锁影响者。这些主要是16岁以下儿童的存在，工人身份，一个以上的家庭成人，较高的车辆与工人比率以及受教育程度高于高中水平。研究结果表明，年龄在30至42岁之间％的工人以传统方式上下班，如果将重点放在改善雇主便利性上，基于雇主的计划可以取得更大的回报。此外，可以通过针对家庭而不是雇主的新计划进一步降低VMT，澳大利亚的TravelSmart计划和俄勒冈州波特兰的SmartTrips计划就是证明。

著录项

  • 作者

    Bricka, Stacey Golembeski.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Austin.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Austin.;
  • 学科 Transportation.;Urban and Regional Planning.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 154 p.
  • 总页数 154
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 综合运输;区域规划、城乡规划;
  • 关键词

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