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首页> 外文学位 >Discerning differences in social capital: The significance of interpersonal network and neighborhood association structure on citizen participation.
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Discerning differences in social capital: The significance of interpersonal network and neighborhood association structure on citizen participation.

机译：辨别社会资本的差异：人际网络和邻居协会结构对公民参与的意义。

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摘要

Scholars, such as Alexis de Tocqueville, have long pointed out that the key to American democracy was an involved citizenry. More recently, we have come to understand that "social capital" can ease the costs of that participation. Using survey data from South Bend and Indianapolis, Indiana, I show that variations in the structure of both networks and associations shape their impact on political participation, civic activities, or even "exiting" from the neighborhood. In particular, focusing on two dimensions of the network---social space and geographic space---I am able to show that the geographic concentration of the network is an important resource for supporting local activities, such as participation in neighborhood associations. Ties stretching across social space, on the other hand, are more supportive of traditional measures of political participation---such as campaigning. By the same logic, the impact of neighborhood associations is also shaped by their structure. Associations with strong leadership and coercive powers, for example, are able to provide public services that discourage exit from the neighborhood. Nor do these associations exist in isolation from other forms of social capital. Certain configurations of interpersonal networks may enable the monitoring of reticent association leadership, while, on the other hand, carefully designed associations may stimulate the flow of information lacking in the local networks.; Such a structural approach to social capital, I argue, avoids many of the tautologies that have plagued the concept, leaving us with a tool for both embedding individuals into a social context while acknowledging their ability to influence that context through their design decisions. Should it reach its potential, social capital promises a central role in the creation of a second generation of rationality models.
机译：像亚历克西斯·德·托克维尔（Alexis de Tocqueville）这样的学者早就指出，美国民主的关键是公民的参与。最近，我们开始了解“社会资本”可以减轻参与的成本。使用来自印第安纳州南本德和印第安纳波利斯的调查数据，我发现网络和协会结构的变化塑造了它们对政治参与，公民活动甚至从邻里“退出”的影响。特别是，着眼于网络的两个维度-社会空间和地理空间-我可以证明网络的地理集中度是支持本地活动（例如参加社区协会）的重要资源。另一方面，跨越社会空间的纽带更支持传统的政治参与手段，例如竞选活动。按照相同的逻辑，邻域关联的影响也受其结构影响。例如，具有强大领导力和强制力的协会能够提供公共服务，以阻止其离开该社区。这些协会也不是孤立于其他形式的社会资本而存在的。人际网络的某些配置可以监视沉默的协会领导，而另一方面，精心设计的协会可以刺激本地网络中缺乏的信息流。我认为，这种对社会资本的结构化方法避免了困扰该概念的许多重言式，从而为我们提供了一种工具，既可以将个人嵌入社会环境中，又可以承认他们能够通过其设计决策来影响该环境。如果社会资本能够发挥其潜力，那么它有望在第二代理性模型的创建中发挥核心作用。

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  • 作者

    Smith, Ronald S.;

  • 作者单位

    Indiana University.;

  • 授予单位 Indiana University.;
  • 学科 Political Science General.; Geography.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 256 p.
  • 总页数 256
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 政治理论;自然地理学;
  • 关键词

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