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首页> 外文学位 >Impacts of slow release phosphorus and urea on intensively and moderately grazed mixed-grass prairie, and, Impacts of rotational grazing, intensive season-long grazing, and idle land use on soil health in the Missouri Coteau.
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Impacts of slow release phosphorus and urea on intensively and moderately grazed mixed-grass prairie, and, Impacts of rotational grazing, intensive season-long grazing, and idle land use on soil health in the Missouri Coteau.

机译：缓释磷和尿素对集约化和中度放牧的混合草大草原的影响，以及密苏里州Coteau的轮牧，集约化的长期放牧和闲置土地利用对土壤健康的影响。

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摘要

Two studies were conducted at the Central Grasslands Research Extension Center near Streeter, North Dakota. The first was a 5-year study that was conducted to ascertain the usefulness of slow-release phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) fertilizers on intensively grazed and moderately grazed mixed-grass prairie. Second, a 1-year study was conducted to assess soil health and water holding potential on a rotationally grazed, intensively grazed season-long, and idle land use. Annual fertilizer rates of 0, 27, and 48 kg P/ha applied 1 May and 20 June; and 0, 37, and 74 kg N/ha applied 20 June were applied using a slowrelease fertilizer on an intensively (6.49 AUMs/ha) and a moderately grazed (2.21 AUMs/ha) rangeland. Total dry matter production in response to N and P was not significant during the 5-year study on the intensively or moderately grazed trial, although cool-season grass herbage production increased with N applications on the intensively grazed trial. There was no response to warm-season grasses, forb, or shrub herbage production on the intensively or moderately grazed trial. Forb species diversity increased in response to P on the intensively grazed trial with the 1 May P applications while forb diversity on the moderately grazed trial increased on the 27 kg P/ha 1 May and 48 kg P/ha 20 June fertilizer applications. Grass species diversity did not respond to N or P fertilization throughout the course of the study. In a second study, three land uses (rotational and season-long grazing, and idle land) were examined to assess soil health and water holding potential. Infiltration rate on the rotationally grazed site was higher than the season-long or idle site while saturated hydraulic conductivity was highest on the seasonlong grazed site in the A horizon and higher than the idle site in the Bk horizon. Macroporosity was highest on the idle site at the surface, but land uses then did not differ until 50 cm where the idle site had the lowest macroporosity. The rotationally grazed land use then had the highest percentage of macropores at depth, differentiating from microporosity where the idle site had the highest microporosity.
机译：在北达科他州Streeter附近的中央草原研究扩展中心进行了两项研究。第一项是一项为期5年的研究，目的是确定缓释磷（P）和氮（N）肥料在高放牧和中放牧的混合草大草原上是否有用。其次，进行了为期1年的研究，以评估轮牧，集约放牧的整个季节和闲置土地的土壤健康状况和保水潜力。 5月1日和6月20日的年度肥料用量分别为0、27和48 kg P / ha；在6月20日施用的速效肥料分别为0、37和74 kg N / ha，在高强度（6.49 AUMs / ha）和中度放牧（2.21 AUMs / ha）牧场上施用。在为期5年的集中或中度放牧试验中，响应N和P的干物质总产量并不显着，尽管在集中放牧的试验中，冷季草类牧草的产量随着N的施用而增加。在集约化或中度放牧试验中，对暖季性草，草或灌木牧草的生产没有反应。在5月1日施磷后，高放牧试验中的Forb物种多样性增加，而在5月1日施肥27 kg P / ha和6月20日施肥48 kg P / ha时，中度放牧试验中Forb物种多样性增加。在整个研究过程中，草种多样性对氮或磷的施用没有反应。在第二项研究中，检查了三种土地用途（轮作和整个季节的放牧以及闲置土地），以评估土壤健康和保水潜力。旋转放牧站点的入渗率高于整个季节或闲置站点，而饱和水力传导率在A层的整个季节性放牧站点中最高，而在Bk层中则高于闲置站点。地表闲置部位的大孔隙度最高，但直到闲置部位的大孔隙度最低的50厘米，土地利用才发生变化。然后，旋转放牧的土地利用在深度上具有最高的大孔百分比，这与闲置地点的微孔率最高的微孔率不同。

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  • 作者

    Volk, Jay Michael.;

  • 作者单位

    North Dakota State University.;

  • 授予单位 North Dakota State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Soil Science.;Agriculture Range Management.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 154 p.
  • 总页数 154
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 土壤学;牧场经营管理;
  • 关键词

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