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Applied photochemical remediation technology for degradation of hydrocarbon compounds in petroleum produced water.

机译：应用光化学修复技术降解石油采出水中的碳氢化合物。

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摘要

During the extraction of oil and gas reserves a large amount of water is also produced. This water represents the largest volume waste stream in oil and gas production. As an oil and gas field ages, this water "cut" can increase to as much as 90% or more of total production. Produced water is a mixture of organic compounds, hydrocarbons, dissolved salts, trace metals and other components from the formation reservoir. The removal of the contaminants from produced water prior to discharge or deep well injection could reduce negative environmental impacts and allow for improved economics of the oilfield operations.;This research evaluated the feasibility of applying UV remediation to petroleum produced water contaminated with trace levels of PAHs and petroleum hydrocarbons. The samples were extracted from Ft. McMurray tailings pond water and concentrated through an industrial process. They can reflect regions of high risk relative to petroleum hydrocarbons. Although the water samples used in this research were not strictly petroleum produced water, they are hydrocarbon impacted and represent a good first application of the technology to produced water. The samples were exposed to two light radiations over a period of eight hours at ambient temperature: monochromatic UV light at 254 nm (UV254 ) which represents potential for industrial remediation, and artificial UV-range solar radiation (BLB) which represents potential for environmental persistence and fate. Experiments were conducted using pure produced water samples, those diluted by half with ultrapure laboratory water and amendments with iron and pH reduction to investigate the effects of the photo-Fenton reaction.;Studies indicated that photolytic removal of extractable hydrocarbons from the produced water samples was achieved in all samples with some conditions being more favourable than others for removal efficiency. After eight hours of exposure to UV254 at ambient temperature, 59% of extractable hydrocarbons were removed in contrast to an 83% removal rate under BLB radiation. Additionally, the photo-Fenton reaction, which is most often used to enhance photochemical degradation, was shown ineffective for these samples. The half-life values of extractable hydrocarbons in the samples were in the range of 6.5 hours for UV254 experiments and 3 to 5 hours for BLB when pseudo-firstorder kinetics was assumed.;Application of photochemical degradation methods remains a relatively novel approach to oilfield produced water resources. Photolysis may offer a potentially economically viable and environmentally friendly alternative to deep well injection or costly remediation methods. The results of this study indicate, as no previous study has, that photochemical remediation methods for water re-use or improved reject water quality are applicable, but require more refinement to identify the full extent of the potential benefits and economics.
机译：在开采石油和天然气时，还会产生大量的水。在石油和天然气生产中，这种水代表了最大的废物流。随着油气田的老化，这种“减产”现象可能会增加到总产量的90％或更多。采出水是来自地层储层的有机化合物，碳氢化合物，溶解的盐，微量金属和其他成分的混合物。在排放或深井注水之前从采出水中去除污染物可以减少负面的环境影响并提高油田运营的经济性。这项研究评估了对含微量PAHs的石油采出水中进行UV修复的可行性。和石油烃。样品取自Ft。 McMurray尾矿通过工业过程将水浓缩。它们可以反映相对于石油烃而言高风险的区域。尽管本研究中使用的水样并非严格地是石油生产的水，但它们受到烃的影响，代表了该技术在生产水方面的良好的首次应用。样品在环境温度下于八小时内暴露于两种光辐射下：代表工业修复潜力的254 nm单色紫外线（UV254）和代表环境持久性的人造紫外线范围太阳辐射（BLB）和命运。使用纯净采出水样品进行实验，用超纯实验室水将其稀释一半，并用铁和pH降低剂进行修正，以研究光芬顿反应的影响。研究表明，从采出水样品中光解去除可萃取碳氢化合物的方法是在所有样品中获得的去除效果都优于某些条件。在环境温度下暴露于UV254八小时后，去除了59％的可萃取碳氢化合物，而在BLB辐射下的去除率为83％。此外，显示最常用于增强光化学降解的光芬顿反应对这些样品无效。在假定伪一级动力学的情况下，样品的可萃取烃的半衰期值在UV254实验中为6.5小时，在BLB中为3至5小时。光化学降解方法的应用仍然是油田开发的一种相对较新的方法水资源。光解可以为深井注入或昂贵的修复方法提供潜在的经济可行和环境友好的替代方案。这项研究的结果表明，与以前的研究相比，适用于水再利用或改善废水质量的光化学修复方法是适用的，但需要进行进一步的改进，以查明潜在利益和经济性的全部范围。

著录项

  • 作者

    Qu, Rui.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Regina (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 The University of Regina (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Environmental.
  • 学位 M.A.Sc.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 77 p.
  • 总页数 77
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 环境污染及其防治;
  • 关键词

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