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首页> 外文学位 >The effect of copper and zinc source on pre-weaning performance of cows, health and performance of suckling calves, and post-weaning feedlot performance, carcass composition, and meat quality of calves.
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The effect of copper and zinc source on pre-weaning performance of cows, health and performance of suckling calves, and post-weaning feedlot performance, carcass composition, and meat quality of calves.

机译：铜和锌源对奶牛断奶前性能，犊牛健康和性能以及断奶后育肥场性能，car体组成和犊牛肉质的影响。

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摘要

During gestation an elevated level of nutrient intake is required by the cow in order to meet the requirements of the maturing fetus and if these requirements are not met, changes in fetal development can occur. However, little is understood about the effects of gestational manipulation of specific nutrients, such as minerals, on progeny growth, performance and carcass traits. Previous research supports the hypothesis that minerals provided in an organic form should be more soluble and readily available to the body for absorption. Therefore the objectives of this study were to determine if source of gestational and post-natal Cu and Zn affects cow reproductive performance, calf health, feedlot performance, carcass traits, and overall meat quality.;Commercial cows primarily of Angus genetics (n=287) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: 1) Maternal/pre-weaning -- Inorganic ( MPW-INORG): cows were supplemented with 15 mg/kg DM Cu and Zn in the form of CuSO4 and ZnSO4, 2) Maternal/pre-weaning - Organic (MPW-ORG): cows were supplemented with 15 mg /kg DM Cu and Zn in a proteinated form. Cows began to receive their assigned mineral supplement 30 d prior to timed artificial insemination (AI) in the spring of 2012. Cows were maintained in separate pastures by treatment group and received their treatments via free choice loose mineral. Cows and calves remained on treatment supplementation until weaning in October of 2013. Cow and calf liver biopsies were collected for analysis of mineral content. Cow BCS, BW, and pregnancy data were recorded, along with calf WW. Blood samples and nasal swabs were collected from calves to evaluate measures of calf health prior to weaning. After weaning and arrival at the feedlot, calves (n=168) were allotted into 24 pens based on BW at weaning so that the average pen weight was consistent between all pens and pens were blocked by sex, resulting in 7 calves per pen. Each pen contained 3 calves that had been previously liver biopsied. A crossover design was utilized such that half of the calves from the MPW-INORG treatment remained on inorganic mineral supplement while in the feedlot (FL-INORG ), while the other half from the MPW-INORG treatment switched over to organic mineral supplement in the feedlot (FL-ORG), and half of the calves from the MPW-ORG treatment remained on organic mineral in the feedlot and received the FL-ORG treatment, while the other half from the MPW-ORG treatment were switched over to the FL-INORG treatment resulting in four treatment combination in the feedlot 1) MPW-INORG/FL-INORG, 2) MPW-INORG/FL-ORG, 3) MPW-ORG/FL-INORG, 4) MPW-ORG/FL-ORG. Liver biopsies were collected to determine change in mineral content during the feeding phase. Calf BW, ADG, DMI and G:F were recorded to determine feedlot performance. At harvest, carcass data was collected, and one striploin (n=161) was collected from each carcass for meat quality analysis.;Collectively these data indicate that source of MPW and FL copper and zinc influences cattle performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality, but additional research is necessary to determine the mechanisms by which these changes are occurring. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
机译：妊娠期间，为了满足成熟胎儿的需求，母牛需要增加营养素的摄入水平，如果不满足这些需求，则可能会发生胎儿发育的变化。然而，人们对特定营养成分（例如矿物质）的妊娠处理对子代生长，生长和and体性状的影响了解甚少。先前的研究支持以下假设：以有机形式提供的矿物质应更易溶解，并易于为人体吸收。因此，本研究的目的是确定妊娠和出生后铜和锌的来源是否影响母牛的繁殖性能，犊牛健康，育肥场性能，car体性状和整体肉质。；商业性母牛，主要是来自安格斯遗传学（n = 287） ）随机分配到2个治疗组中的1个中：1）母体/断奶前-无机（MPW-INORG）：向母牛补充15 mg / kg DM Cu和Zn的CuSO4和ZnSO4形式，2）母体/断奶前-有机（MPW-ORG）：以蛋白形式向母牛补充15 mg / kg的DM Cu和Zn。 2012年春季，在定时人工授精（AI）之前30天，母牛开始接受指定的矿物质补充剂。治疗组将母牛饲养在不同的牧场中，并通过自由选择的松散矿物质接受治疗。母牛和犊牛继续进行补充治疗，直到2013年10月断奶。收集母牛和犊牛的肝脏活检样品以分析矿物质含量。记录奶牛的BCS，体重和怀孕数据，以及小牛WW。在断奶前从小牛收集血液样本和鼻拭子，以评估小牛的健康状况。断奶并到达育肥场后，根据断奶时的体重，将小牛（n = 168）分配到24头猪中，以使所有笔的平均笔重一致，并且笔杆被性别阻塞，每只笔有7头小牛。每只钢笔包含3只小牛，这些小牛此前已进行过肝活检。利用交叉设计，使MPW-INORG处理的小牛一半留在饲育场（FL-INORG）上，而另一半MPW-INORG处理的牛犊则留在饲喂场中。饲养场（FL-ORG），MPW-ORG处理的一半犊牛留在饲养场的有机矿物质上并接受FL-ORG处理，而MPW-ORG处理的另一半转移到FL- INORG处理在育肥场中产生四种处理组合：1）MPW-INORG / FL-INORG，2）MPW-INORG / FL-ORG，3）MPW-ORG / FL-INORG，4）MPW-ORG / FL-ORG。收集肝脏活组织检查以确定进食阶段矿物质含量的变化。记录小牛体重，ADG，DMI和G：F，以确定饲养场性能。在收获时，收集car体数据，并从每个car体中收集一个牛腰肉（n = 161）用于肉质分析。这些数据共同表明，MPW和FL铜和锌的来源会影响牛的性能，car体特性和肉质，但是必须进行其他研究来确定发生这些变化的机制。 （摘要由ProQuest缩短。）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Fulton, Jesse.;

  • 作者单位

    South Dakota State University.;

  • 授予单位 South Dakota State University.;
  • 学科 Animal sciences.;Veterinary science.;Agriculture.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 171 p.
  • 总页数 171
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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