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Re-evaluating California's greenhouse gas emission law: Is it rational under the current economic situation?

机译：重新评估加利福尼亚的温室气体排放法：在当前经济形势下，这是否合理？

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摘要

In 2002, California acknowledged the scientific consensus that global warming is a serious threat to the welfare of California's citizenry and environment. This concern resulted in the California State Assembly Bill 1493 (Pavely) which was signed into law that year. AB 1493 directs the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to adopt regulations which achieve the "maximum feasible and cost-effective" reduction of GHG emissions from motor vehicles. The bill also required CARB to set its emissions standards with the goal of reducing not just the environmental impacts, but also the economic impacts of global warming, including impacts on jobs, businesses and California businesses competitiveness with other states.In response to these requirements, CARB implemented the regulation as new vehicle performance standards across the industry and performance beyond these standards would be tradable between classes of vehicles as well as between manufacturers. The new GHG regulations were added to preexisting Low Emission Vehicles (LEV) standards, which have regulated criteria pollutants that relate to air quality and public health since 1994. Based on the economic data available in 2002, CARB finalized regulation implementing AB 1493, adopting a set of maximum greenhouse gas emission levels. Automakers were charged with the design of a mix of vehicles and might take other alternatives to meet the emission standards starting with 2009 year.However, since 2007, an economic recession has taken place in the world, affecting not only the economies of the United States where it began, but also where it has spread to many other countries such as China, Russia and the European Union. This recession has created serious obstacles for the United State's economic growth, for businesses and for the economic and environmental welfare of its citizens. In California specifically, business employees, the automotive and housing industries have suffered the most since the recession began. This economic downturn has made the 2002 data which CARB relied on to support its regulation methodology extremely inaccurate with regard to predicting present economic conditions as well as the size and makeup of the new vehicle fleet. Because of this inaccuracy, implementation of the regulations as they stand now would fall short of achieving the directives of AB 1493. Because of falling sales of new cars, and especially hybrid cars caused by the recession, it has also become very difficult for automakers to meet the requirements of AB 1493 and the CARB regulations while still remaining economically viable companies.This research examines the economic concerns of the automotive industry in meeting the GHG emissions standards set by CARB by examining the validity of these standards under the current economic recession. This work presents full understanding of how these standards were functioned in the 2009-2010fiscal year and whether if these standards were or were not valid for the same fiscal year. However, the findings of this research paper have shown that the proposed GHG emission standard by CARB is valid under the economic recession.
机译：2002年，加利福尼亚承认了科学共识，即全球变暖是对加利福尼亚公民福利和环境的严重威胁。这种担忧导致加利福尼亚州议会1493年法案（铺装）在该年签署成为法律。 AB 1493指示加利福尼亚州空气资源委员会（CARB）通过法规，以实现“最大可行和最具成本效益”的机动车温室气体减排。该法案还要求CARB制定排放标准，不仅要减少环境影响，而且要减少全球变暖对经济的影响，包括对工作，企业和加州企业与其他州的竞争力的影响。 CARB实施了该法规，因为该法规是整个行业的新车辆性能标准，超出这些标准的性能将在车辆类别之间以及制造商之间进行交易。自1994年以来，新的GHG法规已被添加到先前的低排放车辆（LEV）标准中，该标准已经规范了与空气质量和公共卫生有关的污染物。基于2002年可获得的经济数据，CARB通过实施AB 1493最终确定了实施AB 1493的法规。一套最大的温室气体排放水平。汽车制造商负责混合动力汽车的设计，并可能从2009年开始采用其他替代方法来达到排放标准。但是，自2007年以来，世界范围内发生了经济衰退，不仅影响了美国经济它开始的地方，但也传播到许多其他国家，例如中国，俄罗斯和欧盟。这次衰退给美国的经济增长，企业及其公民的经济和环境福利造成了严重的障碍。特别是在加利福尼亚州，自经济衰退以来，企业员工，汽车和住房行业遭受的损失最大。这种经济低迷使得CARB用来支持其监管方法的2002年数据在预测当前经济状况以及新车队的规模和构成方面非常不准确。由于这种不准确性，目前实施的法规无法达到AB 1493的要求。由于新车，尤其是经济衰退造成的混合动力车销量下降，汽车制造商也很难做到这一点。符合AB 1493和CARB法规的要求，同时仍保持经济上可行的公司。本研究通过在当前经济衰退期间检查这些标准的有效性，研究了汽车行业在满足CARB设定的GHG排放标准方面的经济问题。这项工作充分理解了这些标准在2009-2010财政年度如何运作，以及这些标准在同一会计年度是否有效。但是，本研究结果表明，CARB提出的温室气体排放标准在经济衰退期间是有效的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Algadi, Hassan.;

  • 作者单位

    Rochester Institute of Technology.;

  • 授予单位 Rochester Institute of Technology.;
  • 学科 Economics Environmental.Environmental Law.Environmental Management.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 58 p.
  • 总页数 58
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 公共建筑;
  • 关键词

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