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首页> 外文学位 >Genes required for germ cell development and patterning in Drosophila oogenesis.
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Genes required for germ cell development and patterning in Drosophila oogenesis.

机译：果蝇卵子生殖细胞发育和模式化所需的基因。

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摘要

In Drosophila, localization of maternal RNAs to the opposite poles of the oocyte is an essential step in establishing anterior-posterior polarity of the future embryo. The Drosophila Mini spindles (Msps) protein is a component of meiotic and mitotic spindles, and is required for both types of cell division. Given its role in regulating the integrity of microtubules during mitosis and meiosis and its maternal expression, we asked whether msps is also required for a process regulated by interphase microtubules, subcellular mRNA localization during oogenesis. We found that bicoid (bcd) mRNA localization is completely lost in embryos from msps mutant mothers, whereas oskar (osk) mRNA remains localized in msps embryos. Moreover, in msps mutant ovaries, GFP-Exu particles frequently appear to form large aggregates, fail to accumulate near ring canals, and are transported into the oocyte inefficiently. Intriguingly, we found that the microtubule density at the ring canals, within the nurse cells, and the anterior oocyte cortex decreases in msps mutants beginning at stage 9, when the level of Msps protein is also strongly reduced. Taken together, these results suggest that Msps plays crucial roles in Exu particle transport from the nurse cells to the oocyte, and a bcd anterior localization step in the oocyte that is initiated in mid-oogenesis.; We identified the aimless (aim) gene in a screen for maternal effect lethal mutations that cause mis-localization of polar mRNAs, including bcd and osk, and also cause early embryonic arrest associated with defects in mitotic spindle formation. We have cloned aim using a cosmid and transgene-rescue approach. Alternative splicing produces distinct isoforms different in their C-terminal zinc fingers. The Aim protein is a predicted transcription factor containing a BTB/POZ domain at its amino terminus and carboxyl terminal DNA binding CCHH-type zinc fingers. Consistent with its predicted structure, Aim is a nuclear protein expressed throughout oogenesis. We propose that Aim regulates the expression of genes that regulate MT structures and RNA localization pathway.
机译：在 Drosophila 中，将母体RNA定位在卵母细胞的相反两极是建立未来胚胎前后极性的重要步骤。 果蝇迷你纺锤体（Msps）蛋白是减数分裂和有丝分裂纺锤体的组成部分，是两种细胞分裂所必需的。考虑到它在有丝分裂和减数分裂过程中调控微管完整性的作用及其母体表达，我们问 msps 是否也受相间微管，卵子发生过程中亚细胞mRNA定位过程的调控。我们发现 bicoid （ bcd ）mRNA定位在msps突变母亲的胚胎中完全消失，而 oskar （ osk ）mRNA仍然定位在 msps 胚胎中。此外，在msps突变卵巢中，GFP-Exu颗粒似乎经常形成大的聚集体，无法在环管附近积聚，并且无法有效地转运到卵母细胞中。有趣的是，我们发现从9期开始， msps 突变体中，环状细胞，护士细胞内和前卵母细胞皮层的微管密度降低，而Msps蛋白的水平也大大降低。综上所述，这些结果表明Msps在Exu颗粒从护士细胞向卵母细胞的转运中起着至关重要的作用，并且在卵母细胞中的 bcd 前定位步骤是在成卵中期开始的。我们在导致母体致命致死突变的屏幕中鉴定了 aimless （ aim ）基因，该突变导致极性mRNA的错误定位，包括 bcd 和< italic> osk ，还导致与有丝分裂纺锤体形成缺陷相关的早期胚胎停滞。我们已经使用粘粒和转基因拯救方法克隆了 aim 。选择性剪接产生不同的同工型，其C末端锌指不同。 Aim蛋白是一种预测的转录因子，在其氨基末端包含一个BTB / POZ结构域，并且羧基末端DNA结合CCHH型锌指。与它的预测结构一致，Aim是一种在整个卵子发生过程中表达的核蛋白。我们提出，Aim调节调节MT结构和RNA定位途径的基因的表达。

著录项

  • 作者

    Moon, Woongjoon.;

  • 作者单位

    Columbia University.;

  • 授予单位 Columbia University.;
  • 学科 Biology Cell.; Biology Genetics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 109 p.
  • 总页数 109
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 细胞生物学;遗传学;
  • 关键词

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