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Responses to nutrition interventions aimed at increasing food intake in seniors with Alzheimer's disease and their associations with body mass index, cognitive impairment, and behavioural difficulties.

机译：营养干预措施旨在增加老年痴呆症患者的食物摄入量，并将其与体重指数，认知障碍和行为障碍相关联。

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Unintentional weight loss is commonly observed in seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is increasingly likely to occur with disease progression. My previous work demonstrated that a decline in food intake likely contributes. Despite this recognition, increasing food intake remains a challenge, partly because the design of nutrition interventions have not, to date, taken into account the progressive alterations in food intake patterns that occur with AD. The objectives of this thesis were to examine nutrition interventions aimed at increasing intake, whose designs were based on changes in food consumption patterns that occur with increasing behavioural difficulties in this population. These were achieved by conducting a randomized, cross-over, non-blinded clinical trial of two nutrition interventions: (1) encouraging the consumption of a nutrition supplement between breakfast and lunch; and (2) providing foods traditionally served at breakfast for dinner, to residents of a nursing home with probable AD. Further, the associations between the responses to the interventions and body mass index (BMI), cognitive and behavioural difficulties were examined. Overall, 24-hour energy intake increased significantly with both interventions, compared to habitual intakes. Although most individuals had enhanced intakes with, at minimum, one intervention, those with higher BMIs tended to increase intakes to a greater degree relative to those with lower BMIs for both interventions. Less cognitive impairment and less behavioural problems predicted a greater increase in energy intake from the supplement intervention relative to those with more cognitive and behavioural problems. Cognitive and behavioural status were also associated with the response to the breakfast foods for dinner intervention, but in the opposite direction. These results suggest although seniors with AD residing in a nursing home with low BMIs had proportionately smaller increases in intake relative to those with higher BMIs, the cognitive and behavioural profile of the individual may be used to predict the intervention most probable to result in enhanced intake. The longer-term implications of this research are to increase food intake and prevent weight loss in seniors with AD by implementing nutrition interventions that are most likely to enhance consumption, based upon the characteristics of the individual.

机译：在可能患有阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的老年人中，通常会无意识地减轻体重，并且随着疾病的发展，体重减轻的可能性越来越高。我以前的工作表明，食物摄入量下降可能是造成这种情况的原因。尽管有这种认识，但增加食物摄入量仍然是一个挑战，部分原因是迄今为止，营养干预措施的设计尚未考虑到AD引起的食物摄入模式的逐步改变。本文的目的是研究旨在增加摄入量的营养干预措施，其干预措施的设计基于食物摄入方式的变化，这种变化随着该人群行为困难的增加而发生。这些是通过对两种营养干预措施进行的一项随机，交叉，无盲的临床试验来实现的：（1）鼓励在早餐和午餐之间食用营养补充剂；（2）向可能患有AD的疗养院的居民提供传统上早餐时作为晚餐的食物。此外，检查了对干预措施的反应与体重指数（BMI），认知和行为困难之间的关联。总体而言，与习惯性摄入相比，两种干预措施的24小时能量摄入均显着增加。尽管大多数人至少通过一项干预措施即可增加摄入量，但与这两种干预措施的BMI较低者相比，BMI较高的人倾向于更大程度地增加摄入量。与那些认知和行为问题较多的人相比，认知障碍较少和行为问题较少的人预测补充干预的能量摄入将增加更多。认知和行为状态也与早餐食品对晚餐干预的反应有关，但方向相反。这些结果表明，尽管与患有较高BMI的老人相比，居住在BMI较低的疗养院中的AD老年人的摄入量增加成比例地较小，但是个人的认知和行为特征可用于预测最有可能导致摄入量增加的干预措施。这项研究的长期意义是，根据个人特点，通过实施最有可能增加消费的营养干预措施，增加患有AD的老年人的食物摄入并防止体重减轻。

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作者
Young, Karen Wei Hing.;
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作者单位

University of Toronto (Canada).;

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授予单位 University of Toronto (Canada).;
学科 Health Sciences Nutrition.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 2004
页码 188 p.
总页数 188
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
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专利

1. A randomized, crossover trial of high-carbohydrate foods in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease: associations among intervention response, body mass index, and behavioral and cognitive function. [J] . Young KW, Greenwood CE, van-Reekum R, The journals of gerontology.Series A. Biological sciences and medical sciences . 2005,第8期

机译：高碳水化合物食品在阿尔茨海默氏病疗养院居民中的一项随机，交叉试验：干预反应，体重指数以及行为和认知功能之间的关联。
2. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to whey protein and increase in satiety leading to a reduction in energy intake (ID 425), contribution to the maintenance or achievement of a normal body weight (ID 1683), growth or maintenance of muscle mass (ID 418, 419, 423, 426, 427, 429, 4307), increase in lean body mass during energy restriction and resistance training (ID 421), reduction of body fat mass during energy restriction and resistance training (ID 420, 421), increase in muscle strength (ID 422, 429), increase in endurance capacity during the subsequent exercise bout after strenuous exercise (ID 428), skeletal muscle tissue repair (ID 428) and faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise (ID 423, 428, 431), pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 [J] . EFSA Journal . 2010,第10期

机译：关于证实乳清蛋白和增加饱腹感的健康主张的科学见解，导致能量摄入减少（ID 425），对维持或达到正常体重的贡献（ID 1683），肌肉生长或维持（ID 418、419、423、426、427、429、4307），能量限制和抵抗训练中的瘦体重增加（ID 421），能量限制和抵抗训练期间的体脂肪减少（ID 420、421），增加肌肉力量（ID 422、429），在剧烈运动后进行的后续运动中增加耐力（ID 428），骨骼肌组织修复（ID 428）和运动后从肌肉疲劳中更快恢复（ID 423、428）（431），根据（EC）1924/2006号条例第13（1）条
3. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to various foods/food constituents and “immune function/immune system” (ID 573, 586, 1374, 1566, 1628, 1778, 1793, 1817, 1829, 1939, 2155, 2485, 2486, 2859, 3521, 3774, 3896), “contribution to body defences against external agents” (ID 3635), stimulation of immunological responses (ID 1479, 2064, 2075, 3139), reduction of inflammation (ID 546, 547, 641, 2505, 2862), increase in renal water elimination (ID 2505), treatment of diseases (ID 500), and increasing numbers of gastro intestinal microorganisms (ID 762, 764, 884) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 [J] . EFSA Journal . 2011,第4期

机译：关于证实与各种食品/食品成分和“免疫功能/免疫系统”有关的健康声明的科学意见（ID 573、586、1374、1566、1628、1778、1793、1817、1829、1939、2155、2485、2486 ，2859、3521、3774、3896），“对身体抵御外部因素的防御作用”（ID 3635），刺激免疫反应（ID 1479、2064、2075、3139），减轻炎症（ID 546、547、641， 2505、2862），根据法规（EC）第13（1）条，增加肾脏除水（ID 2505），治疗疾病（ID 500）和增加胃肠道微生物的数量（ID 762、764、884） No 1924/2006
4. Increasing Power to Predict Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion to Alzheimer's Disease Using Hippocampal Atrophy Rate and Statistical Shape Models [C] . Kelvin K. Leung, Kai-Kai Shen, Josephine Barnes, International conference on medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention;MICCAI 2010 . 2010

机译：使用海马萎缩率和统计形状模型来预测轻度认知障碍转换为阿尔茨海默氏病的能力不断增强
5. Chronic Traffic Noise Exposure Contributes to Emergence of Cognitive and Motor Functions Impairment and Increases Amyloid-β Deposition in Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease [D] . Karem, Hadil 2019

机译：慢性交通噪声暴露导致认知和运动功能障碍的出现，并增加了阿尔茨海默氏病小鼠模型中的淀粉样蛋白-β沉积
6. Body Mass Index in Mild Cognitive Impairment According to Age Sex Cognitive Intervention and Hypertension and Risk of Progression to Alzheimers Disease [O] . Soo Hyun Joo, Se Hee Yun, Dong Woo Kang, 2018

机译：根据年龄性别认知干预和高血压以及轻度认知障碍的体重指数和发展为阿尔茨海默氏病的风险
7. A Randomized, Crossover Trial of High-Carbohydrate Foods in Nursing Home Residents With Alzheimer’s Disease: Associations Among Intervention Response, Body Mass Index, and Behavioral and Cognitive Function [O] . Karen W. H. Young, Carol E. Greenwood, Robert Van Reekum, 2015

机译：阿尔茨海默病患者护理院居民高碳水化合物食品的随机，交叉试验：干预反应，体重指数，行为和认知功能之间的关联

Responses to nutrition interventions aimed at increasing food intake in seniors with Alzheimer's disease and their associations with body mass index, cognitive impairment, and behavioural difficulties.

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