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首页> 外文学位 >Development of a novel link-segment model for estimating lower back loading in paramedics.
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Development of a novel link-segment model for estimating lower back loading in paramedics.

机译：开发了一种新型的链节模型，用于估算护理人员的腰背负荷。

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摘要

Work conducted as part of this thesis evaluated the lifting techniques of paramedics using a novel link-segment model that was validated against a commercially available software package, 3D Static Strength Prediction Program (3DSSPP).;Participants were outfitted with the Xsens Motion Tracking System and asked to lift and carry bags ranging from 5-20kg. Output from the Xsens system was used in a 3D-inverse dynamic model to estimate loading at the L5/S1 joint. The compressive and shear force estimates at this joint are of particular interest given their correlation with low back pain and injury.;Across all conditions the greatest compressive forces were seen during bag pickup and bag release. Additionally, reaching forward 50 cm at pickup increased peak spinal compressive loads by nearly 300N and 500N for a 5kg and 10kg handbag respectively. Not surprisingly, at bag release greater trunk lean values were correlated with higher compressive force estimates. Single-shoulder backpack carries showed similar loading characteristics when compared to double-shoulder backpack carries. Shear force estimates remained well below acceptable levels across all conditions.;Based on paramedic feedback, a supplementary testing session was performed with a single participant to evaluate multi-bag carries and stair climbing. The results of this testing session showed that loading was reduced at pickup and release when the load was distributed across two bags.;Site visits to four paramedic services across the province were conducted to gain information about bags weights and lifting techniques. Twenty-five paramedics then visited the Biomechanics Lab at Queen's University to participate in testing sessions mimicking the daily lifting and carrying tasks performed by paramedics on the job.;This research led to the development of four recommendations that have been presented to the Association of Municipal Emergency Medical Services of Ontario. 1. Paramedics should not lift single bags or a combination of bags that exceed 20kg. 2. Prior to lifting, bags should be located as close to the paramedic as possible. 3. When placing bags on the ground and when picking bags up off of the ground, paramedics should use a squat lift technique to prevent forward and side bending. 4. When multiple bags are carried the load should be evenly distributed within bags and across sides of the body.
机译：本论文的一部分工作是使用新型链接段模型对医护人员的举升技术进行评估，该模型已针对商用软件包3D静态强度预测程序（3DSSPP）进行了验证。参与者配备了Xsens运动跟踪系统和要求提起并携带5-20公斤不等的袋子。 Xsens系统的输出用于3D逆向动力学模型中，以估计L5 / S1接头处的载荷。考虑到它们与下背疼痛和伤害的相关性，在此关节处的压缩力和剪切力估计值特别受关注。在所有情况下，在提袋和放行袋子时都看到了最大的压缩力。此外，对于一个5公斤和10公斤的手提包，在拾起时向前伸50厘米可增加峰值脊柱压缩负荷近300 N和500N。毫不奇怪，在释放袋子时，较大的行李箱倾斜值与较高的压缩力估算值相关。单肩背包与双肩背包相比显示出相似的负载特性。在所有情况下，剪切力的估计值都仍远低于可接受的水平。；基于护理人员的反馈，由一名参与者进行了补充测试，以评估多袋行李的携带和爬楼梯的情况。该测试会议的结果表明，当将负载分配到两个袋子中时，在取货和放行时减小了负载。进行了对全省四个护理人员服务的现场访问，以获取有关袋子重量和起重技术的信息。然后，二十五个护理人员访问了女王大学的生物力学实验室，参加了模拟护理人员在工作中日常起重和搬运任务的测试会议。该研究导致提出了四项建议，这些建议已提交给市政协会。安大略省紧急医疗服务。 1.医护人员不得提起单件行李或超过20公斤的组合行李。 2.提起行李之前，应将行李放置在尽可能靠近医护人员的位置。 3.将袋子放在地面上或从地面拿起袋子时，医护人员应使用蹲举技术，以防止向前和向侧面弯曲。 4.携带多个袋子时，负载应均匀地分布在袋子内以及整个身体两侧。

著录项

  • 作者

    Galbraith, Peter Alexander Wetherall.;

  • 作者单位

    Queen's University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Queen's University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Occupational safety.;Biomechanics.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 110 p.
  • 总页数 110
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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