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The family environment and adolescent girls' weight and weight-related behaviors: Implications for obesity prevention programs.

机译：家庭环境和少女体重与体重有关的行为：对预防肥胖计划的意义。

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Introduction. Over one-third of adolescent girls in the United States are overweight or obese, and most are not regularly physically activity (PA), watch excessive television (TV), frequently consume soft drinks, and consume an insufficient amount of fruits and vegetables (FV). Although studies have observed associations between factors in the family environment and youths' participation in these behaviors, questions remain as to how families can best help their adolescent daughters achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Additionally, while school-based obesity prevention interventions offer great potential to help youth modify their behavior and weight, it is unknown whether adolescents can make meaningful improvements without support and resources from their families. Utilizing data from New Moves, a school-based physical activity and nutrition intervention, this dissertation aims to (1) explore sociodemographic differences in girls' weight-related family environments, (2) test cross-sectional associations between family environment factors and girls' total PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, TV use, soft drink intake, FV intake, body mass index (BMI), and body composition, and (3) determine whether factors in girls' family environments are associated with girls' improvements in behavior, BMI, and body composition over the course of New Moves, as well as whether factors in the family environment modify the effect of New Moves.;Method. Subjects included 253 adolescent girls from 12 schools who participated in New Moves (mean age = 15.7) and one of their parents. At baseline, parents completed surveys assessing the family environment. At baseline and post-intervention 9-12 months later, girls' PA and TV use were measured by a 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR) and dietary intake by survey measures. Height and weight were measured by study staff and body fat was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Hierarchical linear and logistic regression models were used to address study aims.;Results. Girls' family environments differed in many ways by girls' race/ethnicity, foreign-born status, and parental education. These differences frequently reflected the disparities in weight and weight-related behavior observed among adolescent girls in other study populations. Several cross-sectional associations were observed between family environment factors and girls' behavior and weight. Parental modeling of eating and physical activity consistently predicted girls' behavior, home food availability was positively associated with girls' intake of soft drinks and FV, and more frequent family meals were associated with greater FV intake. In contrast, few relationships were observed between the family environment and girls' odds of successful behavior, BMI, and/or body composition change over the course of New Moves. However, the pattern of significant associations suggests that girls from less supportive family environments were more likely to successfully modify their behavior, BMI, and body composition. For example, girls from families that provided more support for PA had a lower odds of increasing their PA (OR=.62, p=.04), girls who had high home soft drink availability had a greater odds of decreasing their soft drink intake (OR=1.99, p.01), girls with more TVs at home had a greater odds of decreasing their BMI (OR=1.65, p=.04), and girls with more media resources at home had a greater odds of decreasing their body fat (OR=1.87, p=.03). None of the family environment factors examined modified the effect of New Moves on girls' behavior or body composition. However, the number of TVs in girls' homes served as a modifier of the effect of New Moves on girls' BMI with no intervention effect seen among girls with 3 or fewer TVs, while girls in the intervention condition with 4 or more TVs at home had a lower baseline-adjusted BMI post-intervention as compared to girls in the control condition with 4 or more TVs at home.;Conclusions. This dissertation provides additional support for the role of the family environment in youths' weight-related behaviors, weight, and body composition. While girls with less supportive family environments were at greater risk for being physically inactive, having poor dietary intake, and being overweight or obese, few associations were observed between girls' family environments and improvement of their weight-related behavior, BMI, and body composition during the course of a school-based intervention. These findings suggest that school-based interventions offer an opportunity to decrease the risk of obesity among all adolescent girls, especially those who receive less support and resources for healthful behavior from their families.
机译：介绍。在美国，超过三分之一的青春期女孩超重或肥胖，并且大多数人不定期进行体育锻炼（PA），不看电视（TV），经常喝汽水以及摄入不足量的水果和蔬菜（FV ）。尽管研究已经观察到家庭环境因素与青年人参与这些行为之间的关联，但是仍然存在关于家庭如何最好地帮助其青春期女儿实现并保持健康体重的问题。此外，尽管基于学校的肥胖预防干预措施可以极大地帮助青少年改变其行为和体重，但是，如果没有家人的支持和支持，青少年能否做出有意义的改善尚不得而知。本文利用学校体育锻炼和营养干预措施New Moves的数据，旨在（1）探索与女孩体重相关的家庭环境中的社会人口统计学差异，（2）测试家庭环境因素与女孩体重之间的横断面关联总PA，中度至强PA，电视使用，软饮料摄入量，FV摄入量，体重指数（BMI）和身体成分，以及（3）确定女孩家庭环境中的因素是否与女孩的体质改善有关新举动过程中的行为，BMI和身体组成，以及家庭环境中的因素是否会改变新举动的效果。受试者包括来自12所学校的253名青春期女孩，他们参加了New Moves（平均年龄= 15.7）和他们的父母之一。在基线时，父母完成了评估家庭环境的调查。在基线和干预后9-12个月后，通过3天体育锻炼回想（3DPAR）来测量女孩的PA和电视使用量，并通过调查方法来测量饮食摄入量。研究人员测量身高和体重，并使用双能X射线吸收法（DXA）测量身体脂肪。分层线性和逻辑回归模型用于解决研究目标。女孩的家庭环境在许多方面因女孩的种族/民族，外国出生的身分和父母的教育而有所不同。这些差异经常反映出在其他研究人群中，少女中体重和与体重相关的行为存在差异。在家庭环境因素与女孩的行为和体重之间观察到一些横断面的联系。父母对饮食和体育锻炼的模型一致地预测了女孩的行为，家庭食物的获取与女孩软饮料和FV的摄入呈正相关，而家庭进餐次数增加与FV的摄入更多有关。相反，在新举动过程中，家庭环境与女孩成功行为几率，BMI和/或身体组成变化之间的关系很少。但是，显着关联的模式表明，来自家庭支持程度较低的女孩更有可能成功改变其行为，BMI和身体组成。例如，来自那些为PA提供更多支持的家庭的女孩，其PA升高的机率较低（OR = .62，p = .04），在家中的汽水供应量较高的女孩，其汽水摄入量降低的机率更高。 （OR = 1.99，p <.01），在家中拥有更多电视的女孩的BMI降低几率更大（OR = 1.65，p = .04），在家中拥有更多媒体资源的女孩的BMI降低几率更大他们的体内脂肪（OR = 1.87，p = .03）。研究的家庭环境因素均未改变《新举动》对女孩行为或身体组成的影响。但是，女孩家中电视的数量可以作为新举动对女孩BMI的影响的修正，而电视数量在3台以下的女孩则没有干预效果，而女孩干预状态下电视在4台以上的女孩中与在家里有4台或更多电视的对照组相比，干预后的BMI基线调整后的女孩较低。本文为家庭环境在青少年与体重有关的行为，体重和身体组成中的作用提供了额外的支持。虽然对家庭环境的支持较少的女孩更有可能缺乏体育锻炼，饮食摄入差，体重超重或肥胖，但在女孩的家庭环境与体重相关行为，BMI和身体组成的改善之间几乎没有关联在基于学校的干预过程中。这些发现表明，以学校为基础的干预措施为降低所有青春期女孩的肥胖风险提供了机会，尤其是那些因家庭健康行为获得支持和资源较少的女孩。

著录项

  • 作者

    Bauer, Katherine Werdann.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Minnesota.;

  • 授予单位 University of Minnesota.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.;Sociology Individual and Family Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 251 p.
  • 总页数 251
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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