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Multinational corporations' investment in the oil and gas sectors of Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan: Divergent corporate behavior in the age of globalization.

机译：跨国公司在阿塞拜疆和哈萨克斯坦的石油和天然气领域的投资：全球化时代的不同公司行为。

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摘要

Why is there a variance in the size of investment by American multinational corporations (MNCs) in the oil and gas sectors of Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan? All ten of the leading oil MNCs in the world petroleum industry have invested in the region. However, the size of investment by the firms varies in both countries, creating a divergent investment pattern. The argument in this study is that host government policies regarding firm characteristics and firms' responses to the opportunities and risks which were shaped through a strategic interaction process explain the divergent behavior of MNCs.; The general explanations about the leading role of MNCs and their convergent behavior in the globalization process are problematic. Rather than relying on these, three models are considered to explain the observed divergent behavior of MNCs. The “follow the leader” model and the competitive advantages model are drawn from the literature, while an alternative explanation is developed to explain how the strategic interaction between the host country and the firms influenced the observed divergent investment pattern of the MNCs.; The predictions of the three models are applied systematically to four different cases to explain the divergent behavior of firms. The analysis of cases demonstrates that the host government policies of Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan regarding firm characteristics and the responses of firms to opportunities and risks embedded in the oil and gas sectors of Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan influenced the size of investment by American firms.; The findings are striking in their support of the argument for convergence in the behavior of firms, because one would expect convergent behavior more likely in the oil industry than in manufacturing and high-technology industries. Oil is a standard product in contrast to the heterogeneity of products in the manufacturing industry. In this context, the divergent corporate behavior is re-interpreted by explaining theoretically the firms' core structures and important strategies which reflect the different domestic institutions and ideologies within which firms are embedded.
机译：为什么美国跨国公司（MNC）在阿塞拜疆和哈萨克斯坦的石油和天然气领域的投资规模会有差异？世界石油工业中所有十家领先的石油跨国公司都在该地区进行了投资。但是，两国的公司投资规模各不相同，造成了不同的投资模式。本研究的论点是，通过战略互动过程形成的东道国政府关于企业特征以及企业对机会和风险的反应的政策解释了跨国公司的不同行为。关于跨国公司的领导作用及其在全球化进程中的趋同行为的一般解释是有问题的。与其依赖这些模型，不如考虑使用三种模型来解释所观察到的跨国公司的不同行为。从文献中得出了“跟随领导者”模型和竞争优势模型，而另一种解释是解释东道国与企业之间的战略互动如何影响所观察到的跨国公司的不同投资模式。这三种模型的预测被系统地应用于四种不同的情况，以解释企业的不同行为。案例分析表明，阿塞拜疆和哈萨克斯坦关于公司特征的东道国政府政策以及公司对阿塞拜疆和哈萨克斯坦石油和天然气部门所蕴含的机会和风险的反应，影响了美国公司的投资规模。这些发现惊人地支持了企业行为趋同的观点，因为人们期望石油行业的趋同行为比制造业和高科技行业更有可能。与制造业中产品的异质性相反，石油是一种标准产品。在这种情况下，通过从理论上解释企业的核心结构和重要战略来重新解释不同的企业行为，这些核心结构和重要战略反映了企业所嵌入的不同国内制度和意识形态。

著录项

  • 作者

    Ipek, Pinar.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Pittsburgh.;

  • 授予单位 University of Pittsburgh.;
  • 学科 Political Science International Law and Relations.; Economics Finance.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 241 p.
  • 总页数 241
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 国际法;财政、金融;
  • 关键词

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