• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Redistribution effects of using Social Security retirement revenue to finance social spending.
【24h】

Redistribution effects of using Social Security retirement revenue to finance social spending.

机译：使用社会保障退休收入为社会支出筹集资金的再分配效应。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

This paper examines social security's effects on income distribution and equality. It analyzes social security both as a retirement program and as an antipoverty program. The objective is to determine if overall income redistribution by the program increases or decreases income equality, or if it leaves equality unchanged. The model used analyzes the program's income transfers over a contributor's lifetime.; Funds that social security collects for a contributor's retirement are partly spent for his own retirement benefits, but also are used as a subsidy to keep other retirees with low lifetime contributions out of poverty. Retirement benefits increase with increasing income, but only at a decreasing rate. Because the program was designed to redistribute income, workers with low lifetime incomes have expected retirement benefits in excess of lifetime contributions, while workers with high lifetime incomes have expected benefits below their lifetime contributions.; The founders of social security intended that, as a contribution based social insurance plan, the program would reduce the number of people who would qualify for needs tested public assistance. In fact its benefits do succeed at keeping low income retirees out of poverty, causing them to qualify for less assistance from other programs (e.g. food stamps, supplemental security income). The first part of the model (method A) identifies how the wealth of each income group changes, by comparing social security taxes paid with expected future retirement benefits. Income groups are measured for individuals by half decile. The second part of the model (method B) compares current social security with an alternative scenario in which social security tax revenue is not used to keep the elderly out of poverty.; At present, 6% of workers earn more than the maximum amount taxable by social security. Because social security is a proportional tax on a portion of labor income, workers who earn more than the maximum amount taxable are paying a lower percentage of their income to the program than workers who earn less than this amount.; By definition this method of taxation is regressive. A greater question, asked in this paper, is if the overall program is regressive after all of the effects of its taxes and transfers on income equality are estimated. Because the program redistributes income one could reasonably expect that it increases income equality. Instead, the model employed by this dissertation found that the program's effects on income equality were negligible.
机译：本文考察了社会保障对收入分配和平等的影响。它把社会保障既作为退休计划也作为反贫困计划进行了分析。目的是确定该计划的总体收入再分配是否增加或减少了收入平等，或者是否使平等不变。使用的模型分析了计划在捐助者整个生命周期内的收入转移。社会保险为供款人的退休收取的资金部分用于其自己的退休福利，也用作补贴，以使其他终身缴费低的退休人员摆脱贫困。退休金随着收入的增加而增加，但仅以减少的速度增加。由于该计划旨在重新分配收入，因此终身收入较低的工人的预期退休福利超过终身缴费，而终身收入较高的工人的预期福利低于其终身缴费。社会保障的创立者打算，作为基于缴款的社会保险计划，该计划将减少符合需求测试公共援助资格的人数。实际上，它的好处确实使低收入退休人员摆脱了贫困，使他们有资格获得较少的其他计划援助（例如，食品券，补充安全收入）。该模型的第一部分（方法A）通过比较所支付的社会保障税与预期的未来退休福利来确定每个收入组的财富如何变化。收入组是按个人的十分位数计算的。该模型的第二部分（方法B）将当前的社会保障与另一种方案进行了比较，在这种方案中，社会保障税收入不用于使老年人摆脱贫困。目前，有6％的工人的收入超过了社会保障应课税的最高税额。由于社会保障是对一部分劳动收入征收的比例税，因此，收入高于最高应纳税额的工人，向该计划缴纳的收入百分比要低于收入低于该额度的工人。根据定义，这种征税方法是递归的。本文提出的一个更大的问题是，在估计其税收和转移支付对收入平等的所有影响之后，整个计划是否会回归。由于该计划重新分配了收入，因此可以合理地预期它会增加收入平等。取而代之的是，本文采用的模型发现该程序对收入平等的影响可以忽略不计。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号